618 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



not being hardy ; cuttings should therefore be taken in autumn and 

 protected from frost in frames. C. hyssopifolia, which comes from 

 the Andes of Quito, makes a good companion to this plant. It grows 

 about 2 feet high and requires similar treatment. — H. R. D. 



Calcium Carbonate, the formation of, in the Soil by 

 Bacteria. By 0. T. Gimingham, F.I.C. {Jour. Agr. Sci., iv., pt. 2; 

 pp. 145-149). — The author has studied the formation of calcium 

 carbonate from calcium oxalate by soil bacteria, and has isolated six 

 different organisms capable of bringing about this change. He finds 

 that air is necessary for its occurrence, and that the presence of much 

 organic matter delays the change. It would appear that the organisms 

 are rather driven to the oxalate by lack of other food material. — F. J. C. 



Campanula punctata. By Wyndham Fitzherbert {Gard.. 

 Sept. 23, 1911, p. 458; fig.). — This Campanula, though intro- 

 duced into this country in 1813, is seldom met with now. It is a 

 vigorous perennial, about 2 feet high, with large hairy cordate ovate 

 leaves. It blooms well in the summer, and the secondary shoots 

 often bloom in autumn. The flowers, 2 to 3 inches in length, form 

 long trumpets, with deeply cut mouths, profusely spotted in the 

 interior with minute crimson purple dots. The flowers are hairy, and 

 sometimes instead of white they are of a soft colour, and occasionally 

 violet. These variations have caused some of them to be considered as 

 distinct species; e.g. Lindley described a plant sent home by Fortune 

 from China as C. nohilis, but later this was determined to be only 

 variety of C. punctata. It is a native of Siberia, but also found in 

 China, Japan, and Korea. Coming from a cold country it is quite 

 hardy, and succeeds in ordinary garden soil. — H. R. D. 



Carnations {Jour. Soc. Nat. Hort. Fr., series iv., vol. xii., July 

 1911, p. 392). — A note on the various diseases to which Carnations 

 indoors are liable, with the appropriate remedy for each. 



Thrips should be treated with solutions of nicotine. 



For Grey Rot {Botrytis cinerea) dry the atmosphere of the house 

 give air and fumigate with formalin, or some disinfectant, or appl] 

 sulphur or alkaline sulphide in a solution of 3 grammes per litre. 



The calyx of the Carnation sometimes shows large irregular whitisl 

 patches, due probably to Septoria Carthusianorum, syn. S. calycina 

 This is not a dangerous disease. 



There are two sorts of caterpillar which rest in the soil by da 

 and feed on the leaves 6i the Carnation at night. These can only b 

 destroyed in the soil, for which purpose apply fumes of carbo 

 bisulphide or sulphuretted hydrogen. K 



The several species of beetle {Haltica) can be controlled by applicaj 

 tions of any insecticide. A disease which has done much harm anion 

 Carnations at Antibes has been called " Antibes Carnation Disease 

 The stems get soft, the leaves bend down, the plant dries up, turnjl( 



