(>;» the Statistics of Dnkhun. 



bullock* (nearlv 3) ton cultiv.itor ihr' n^turns nnist be ilofootivc. for T 

 am satisfied, nlihongli a farmormav not luive two hullot ks to eaoli of lus 

 ploug;lis, ami he has generally a lieavy plough aivl a light one, yet ho has 

 always two hi; hnks at least tor one of his ploughs. 



In the Ahnieiliiuggur Collectorate the yoke cattle are not dislinguish- 

 «d from the pack or caniage cattle, but the whole amount is very consi- 

 derable, being 212,008. In the Ptx^na Collectorate the returns give 

 2i yoke bullocks to each farmer, hut the farmeis near lo the t ify of 

 Poona are much better oft', averaging 3i bullocks each. Only a porlion 

 of the returns from Kh uulet^h h;id the column of draft or yoke caitl e 

 filled up: it is impossible, therefore, to give the proportion to each 

 farmer ft>r the whole co l ^ctorate : but as far as the returns went, it ap- 

 peared that e;xoh farmer averaged only 1 -62 bullocks, not quite \ \. 



Milch caftle. — The proportion of milch cattle, on which so much of the 

 com'"ort of the p op'e depen ls, whetherrur.il or nrbin, in the Dharwar 

 Collectorate, is greater than in the other collectorates, b eing one cow or 

 milch buffalo to 2 45 souls. In Poona it is 1 to 5 24 persons ; in Ahmed- 

 nuggur 1 to 3-04 persons : and in Khandt'sh I cow or buffrilo to 2-l'6 

 8ouls. 



Ploupls. — As I have before stated, ]ilo;i::;h^ are of two kind", the Nan- 

 guror heavy plough, and the HulkaNangnr or light ). lough ; the same 

 obtains with respeot to drill plough-*, no grain being sown broadcast, the 

 heavy drill plough being called Mogurh, and the light P.djliar. The 

 proportion of ploughs in the Dharwar Collectorate is I '41 to each culti- 

 vator, or nearly three ploughs to two firmers : (he number of ploughs in 

 the returns being 99.883, and the nu nber of cultivators 70,488. 



Car^f.— Were a judgment to be formed of the state of the roads, and 

 of the facility of communication and transit by wheel carriages, from the 

 proportion of cart<; to the farm°r>, the estimate would be low indeed.* 

 In the Dharwar Collectorate there is only one cart to thirteen farmers. 

 The carts are uoiversally of two wheels. 



Pad: Ca'th.—The unusual number of pack bullocks, which carry 

 loads on their backs, in the Dharwar Collectorate, would seem to indi- 

 cate that they are the chief means by which agricultural and other pro- 

 duce is transported from place to place. In Khandesh there is the least 

 number of pack cattle, and the greatest proportional number of carts. In 

 Poona a great number of pack cattle, and only one cart to eleven farmers. 

 The proportion in Ahmednuggurl do not know. 



* It is nevertheless true, that had the farmers carts, they could rarely use thcin from 

 the want of roads, unless in the dry season. 



