1839] 



On ilte Statistics of Dulkun. 



437 



My limits do not permit me to give a detailed statement of 

 tlie manner in wliich village accounts are kept under a native 

 government. It would much assist to illustrate the internal oeconomy 

 of a village and many local U5ages, but I have not S[)ace. I can only say 

 that the whole accounts of a village are kept on a ribbon of paper, about 

 five inches wide and some yards long, not rolled up but folded in lengths 

 of twelve inches or more : one of these is required for each year. At 

 Wangee it is called Gao Jarnli, or village search j at KurmuUa Jhartee 

 Alcaar, or figures or signs of search; at Barlonee it has the compound 

 term of Lownee Palruck, (detail of cultivation.) and Zumeen J arha, 

 (land search) ; at Ravvgaon it is c;illed JVuafiooU'cha, or search of col- 

 lections: occasionally it is ^^A-aa?-6imG?, or roll of signs, iiems, figures. 

 These varying names result from the union of two papers which are usu- 

 ally kept separate : namely ihe T hid J arha, or roll of lands by family 

 estates; and the Lownee Puiruck, or roll of cultivation >.nd assessments. 



In closing the notice of assessments, a few word^ are neces ary to ex- 

 plain the method of keeping village accounts. At the hea;] of the paper 

 called GaoJarha is the name of the village, the Pergunnah and Soobeh 

 it is in, the ycctr and the name of the government it is under; this is 

 followed by the Tunkha or Moghul money assignment upon the village, 

 the Moosulmans having fixed each village to pav a definite sum, leaving 

 the whole details of assessment and distribution to the Pateeland vil- 

 lagers ; then follows the total quantity of land belonging to the village: 

 deductions are made for land in boundary disputes, for Eenams of all 

 kinds, whether to the temples, to the village officers, to the Deshmook 

 or Deshpandeh, or to individuals, the qu;in*ity to each being carefully 

 marked; all these being deducted, the remainder is distingrished into 

 garden and field-land ; then follows a roll of the cultivators, with a 

 number of columns to record the quantity of land held upon each tenure^ 

 and the amount payable for each ; a column for the share of the extra 

 assessments, previously noticed, including the share of village expenses, 

 which is ahvays considerable ; also columns for totals of the different 

 heads. Then follow rolls of the Bullooteh, shopkeepers, trades, and 

 others subject to fixed taxes, with columns for the proportion of tax up- 

 on the particular trade; the Bullooteh, the house-tax, and share of extra 

 assessments, which these people pay although they are not landholders. 



An abstract of tho preceding details is now^ made, called the Ekunder 

 Tereej. The contract for the transit duties, if notfarm.ed, is added ; and 

 the Kumall, which means " total," " all," " whole," is put at the bot- 

 tom. Then follow the deductions under the heads of money — Eenams, 

 Hukdars, village, and other expenses, every item of ^vhich is detailed. 



