On the Slalltics of Dulhtin. 



[AruiL 



Amongsl tho oxpt-n>es :iro vill;iorp festivals, (linnors lo povornmcnt olli- 

 crrs, donations to brahm ins, fording pilgrinis, interest on money bor- 

 rowed, expenses of the P.if eel nn 1 vill;t> e ('Ulcers wln^n attendinf,Mlic 

 governor of ibe ilistricl, oil in the t.Mojdes, the ^^o^)s^lMl;•ln saini's tomb 

 (if (here be one) coming in fer its sliareof donation or annual aUowan. e, 

 strange as it may appear, from Hindoo enltivators. 1 regret miK h that 

 my limits do not permit me to detail tlie expenses, many of which are 

 very cnrious, and illustrate habits and customs. The expenses being dc- 

 d'.u ted from the collections, a balance is struck, which, under native go- 

 vernments, h\ft the Tnnkha, or government original assignment, together 

 with any extra assessment, if levied, stich as Sur Deshmookce, Cliouth, 

 &:c. ^^c. To show how large a proportion of the village collections did 

 not go to governent, in one village, whose accounts I translated, the 

 Tunkha, or government bhare, was oSOO rupees; and the Kumall, or to- 

 tal collections, 8522 rupees; so that 30'i'2 vupers, or more than 35 per 

 cent, of the whole, went in village expenses, Hukdars, (Debhmook:s and 

 De^hpandehs,) and other claims. 



The amount of wages of agricultural labourers is of so much imporlancc 

 to the class constituting the major part of the community, and it assists 

 the judgment so materially in estimating the condition of the people, 

 that I shall offer all the details I was able to collect in the Dukhun 

 bearing on the qucsiion. 



Farmt'rs* Art'Ji(ers' Work executed for Fees in Kind. — The trifling 

 artificers' and mechanics' work required by the farn)er being performed 

 by the village artisan?, in virtue of their offices and for fees in kind, it 

 ■will not be necessary to enlarge on the remuneration for their labour: 

 but to afford distinct ideas of its value, at the end of this paper I shall 

 put into juxtaposition the rates paid by the Peshwah's government and 

 the "British government to artificers, mechanics, and others. 



I made my inquiries on the subjer^t of wages in towns and villages, 

 the most distant from each otlier, to prevent the mistake of the adoption 

 of lo cai rates for those of general operation. 



Wages of Husbandmen and otlier Labourers at Nandoor. — At Nandoor, 

 a British town in the Ahmednuggur collectorate, in March, 1827, I found 

 that yearly husbandry servants got from 12 to 20 rupees^' per annum and 

 their food ; a smart active man got about 15 rupees per annum and sup- 

 plied himself with clothes. 



a From 24 to 40 shillings. 



