'355 T';: t .i I\iiucaiU:n of i\€ yaiivfs^ in South rm India. [Oct. 



I am sony to state, that tins is ascril)rtl>lc to the gradual but 

 •:.encial iinpovcrishmcut of tlie conntry. The iiirans of the niami- 

 facturini;- classes have Wow of l Uc yrnrs c,rcntly dinunishcd by 

 tlie introduction of our own iMiropran nianufacturcs in lieu of the 

 Indi.in cotton falnic^s. Tlio n-nunal of many of oiu- troops from 

 iMiv oun tcriitoiit s lo the distant frouiieis of our newly sid).sidi7,cd 

 al'it^s has also, of late years, atfected the demand for grain; the 

 transfer of the capital of tlie country from the native povernmeuts 

 and their officers, who liberally expended it in India, to I'airopeans, 

 restricted by law from employing- it even tem[)orarily in India, 

 and daily drawing it from the land, has likewise tended to this 

 t thet, wlu( h has not been alleviated by a less rigid enforcement 

 of the revenue due to the state. The greater part of the midUn;.^ 

 and lower classes of the peoj>le are now unable to defray the 

 expenses incident upon the education of their offspring, whil« their 

 necessities require the assistance of their children as soon as their 

 tender limbs are capable of the smallest labour. 



It cannot have escaped the Government that of nearly a millior* 

 of souls in this district, not 7,000 are now at schools, a propor- 

 tion which exhibits but too strongly the result above stated. In 

 many villages where formerly there were schools, there are now 

 none\ and m many others where there were large schools, now 

 only a few children of the most opulent are taught, others being 

 unable, from poverty, to attend, or to pay what is demanded. 



Such is the state in this district of the various schools in which 

 reading, writing and arithmetic are taught in the vernacular dia- 

 lects of the country, as has been always usual in India, by teachers 

 who are paid by their scholars. The higher branches of learning, 

 on the contrary, have always in this country been taught in Sans- 

 crit, and it has, even in India, been deemed below the dignity of 

 science for her professors to barter it for hire. Lessons in theolo- 

 astronomy, logic and law, continue to be given gratuitously, 

 as of old, by a few learned Brahmins to some of their disciples. 

 But learning, though it may proudly decline to sell its stores, 

 has never flourished in any country except under the encourage- 

 ment of the ruling power, and the countenance and support once 

 given to science in this part of India has long been withheld. 



Of the 533 institutions for education now existing in this district, 

 I am ashamed to say not one now derives any support from the 

 State. I have, therefore, received with peculiar satisfaction, the 

 inquiries instituted by the Honorable the GoYer»or in Council on 



