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An Essay on the Relationship of 



and nearly ludicrous. Reviewing all these various, but certainly correct, 

 derivations, I cannot doubt that also KpaXip (a king), and krai in Bohe- 

 mian, with exactly the same signification^ and the German word, kerl 

 (a young strong man), Latinized Carolus, and Charles, come from the 

 same root. 



I hope I shall be pardoned, if I add here a question, the decision of 

 which I leave to Hebrew scholars :— Did Job (16, 15) really intend to 

 say, I have defiled my horn with dust, (as Luther and the English 

 translators have it) ? — I think it appears very evident from the above 

 etymological genealogy of the word kdriin, even if there were no other 

 proofs that it had in the original Hebrew two or three different mean- 

 ings, viz : 1, the head; 2, the horn which grows upon it in certain 

 animals, and 3, strength or glory (See also Ps. 89, 17—92, 11). And 

 it is a fact that in the Hebrew as well as in the Arabic languages, 

 there are many words which have two distinct (sometimes opposite) 

 significations, where the connexion alone must decide; e.g. hattaath 

 (H^ton) Deut. 9, 21. Lev. 6, 25, 30, and Zach. 14, 19.' Every 

 translator should surely strive to divest himself most carefully of the 

 prejudices and mistakes of his predecessors, and to do justice to his 

 author, so that the real meaning and context, as well as clearness, good 

 taste and the modern idioms, be regarded. Job certainly meant to 

 say, " I have covered my head with dust." The vulgate has, Operui 

 cinere carnem meam;*but the Septuaginta have understood the figur- 

 ative expression better, and have the word aOevos; and De Sacy, 

 J'ai convert ma tete de cendre. ( 



22. — Some other etymologies, both regular and anomalous, illustrative 

 of paragraph 20, are the following : 



El (el, ^H) a strong one; God; from this the Greeks have form- 

 ed, consistently with the above mentioned rules, ?}\tos, and the Latins 

 the word, sol; — and aeXrjvn seems to come from the same root;— 

 epico?; = kerker (Germ.) == career ;— a\\o//„£u = salio = sally.;— 

 ea7repo's = w 7 est ? = vesper;— adim (Armenian) = I hate = odi (odi- 

 um)=ich hasse (Germ.) = koteuo ; in this series of words, the aspirate 

 is quite anomalously employed; Hind, Sind and Indus, where the 

 Greeks have rejected the h-,~v7rvo9 = sofnadi and sveffn (Icelandic), 

 == shvopno (Sanscr.). In Latin the tt has been changed into the nasal 

 letter m, on account of the following n, equally nasal, and thus the word 

 somnus was formed ; but on the other hand also they dropped the n, and 

 thus, sopio and sopor, arose.— The Quarterly Reviewer, in the number 

 above alluded to, derives the word equus from tWos, but this is not a 

 scientific derivation, I would much rather compare the word equus (in 



* Most probably tbe original Latin translation was ; cornu meum, which a very early 

 copyist changed into carnem meam / 



