15G 



An Essay on the Relationship of 



[J an. 



is pronounced by them bullu or pullu, perhaps adopting in this case 

 the pronunciation of the Badugers), their own original pronunciation 

 is bursh and pursh* as if written in Tamul, HfcP 52 ? ;—nilam is 

 neiilne^—vanam eunwiD is p6ne . v j ltu or v idei &^JP or <£<5IS)p 

 is po^ ; varugiren ^(TF)®G^Z)©Br is vashkenn, or varkenn ; tarw 

 given ^©SCo/DOT i s tashkenn ; irukkiren ®(g*9@/D<3»r i s 

 ushkenn. 



Instances of rejection of consonants are the following : Irul ®Q^^ 

 is changed into olu ; vaiiru into ^ r . veiyi i t OajUJU^sO 



into bir or birsh (thus they call the sun) ; marei LDGS)Lp { n to m& ;— 

 maram Ln^^ into meunu ; and param, palam LJ £P LQ into pom — 

 (this is the only instance which I have met with, where the Pali 

 or Tamul termination of mis preserved); (P(ipp>^XLb [ s so tara. This 

 word they have certainly received through their intercourse with the 

 low country ; and it shows how they assimilate many foreign words to 

 their idiom. Another clear instance is k&hotz ; so they pronounce the 

 Tamul word <snQ^LD or arruQ ^LD(k R g\&a m ). More easy foreign words 

 they leave unchanged ; e. g. the Hindustani word, tuvi (a kife) and the 

 Canarese word, bara, to write, which is evidently also the root of the 



Tamul vari, 9 it is consequently not even certain that they have 

 borrowed the word, bara, from the Canarese. It is remarkable, that 

 they have adopted scarcely any Canarese word, as far as I can ascer- 

 tain, although they have so much intercourse with the burghers or 

 budagers. 



Their grammar contains the rudiments of the Tamul, with several 

 forms of their own ; e. g. nan piirandiruckiren ^tr&sr tG) pj5$Q$&- 

 QQfDGBT i s i n their dialect on perdsh bimi— and in plural, om perder 

 bumi, where the auxiliary, / am, we are, is expressed by bimi and 

 bumi. Whether this is the case in any other Indian dialect, I do 

 not know. They say also, bitii instead of bimi. Their pronouns 

 are, dn or on, I ; ni, thou ; athm and ath, he ; 6m, we ; niimmu, you» 

 athamm, they, atha, (neuter) ; the forms of the dative are for enacku 

 enk' ; for unacku, nink' ; for avenucku, ank. 



Some phrases are : on iishkena bokena ? Shall I stay or go ? 

 Ishenirkusu barkena ? Must I (do I) write like this ? Ninnur perd- 



* Dr. Zenker says in his work entitled " i'lantae Indicse" as follows : Ut Specimen 

 nomenclature vagae aboriginum exhibeamus, banc arborem (Rhododendron nilagiricum) 

 ab ipsis Pullukumaru nominari, adjici liceat. CI. Ritter vero in opere suo geographico 

 insigni (Erdkunde cet. ) nomen pursh ab indigenis accepisse monet." Mara means, tree 

 in tbe Canarese. No alphabet could express the word Pursh correctly, as well as many 

 other Todaver words, except the Roman with diacritical marks according to Sir William 

 Jones' principles. 



t Eu, according to the French pronunciation, as in peur ; the pronunciation of o is 

 somewhat different. 



