210 IVotes on Geological Specimens from [July 



Bibbery and others running into the Godavery above Badraehellam, 

 beds of limestone conglomerate, cementing agates and calcedonies, are 

 continually forming. 



The country between the Payngunga and Kair 'has at all seasons 

 many springs and streams of pure water; which give a lively and 

 beautiful green to the vegetation, when the surrounding country is 

 burned up by the scorching heats of May*. The first of these streams 

 is at Lingtee, the water of which is loaded with lime, which it depo- 

 sits on its bed in a thick incrustation of tufT. Loose pieces of branches, 

 petrified by lime, were found on the banks, and a wall of kankar six feet 

 high, seemed to have been formed from a spring which had gushed from 

 a fissure in the blue limestone, which is here the surface rock, and rests 

 on a reddish, very friable slate clay, as is seen in a section a mile further 

 down the stream. A black flint, resembling anthracite, was found 

 higher up. This stream, which, in the driest weather, has sufficient 

 water to drive a mill, is said to have its source about six miles distant in 

 a low range of hills, over which the road passes more to the east, a little 

 to the north of Urjuna, and three and a half miles from Lingtee. At this 

 village, a small stream takes its rise in a hot spring, whose temperature, 

 as it gushes from beneath the wall of a half ruined reservoir was, in De- 

 cember, 1833, almost 87°. Copious springs also rise in the bed of the 

 little stream; and globules of gas are extricated from round holes in 

 the mud ; but on endeavouring to collect a quantity, it was found that 

 there were considerable and irregular intervals between each jet of air, 

 nor did it always issue from the same place. The springs rise through 

 the blue limestone so often mentioned, which, in a section in the north 

 bank, is seen to have been raised by some violent forces, in a very sin- 

 gular manner, so as to form a series of irregular peaked gothic arches, 

 overlaid by partially broken but horizontal strata. The spaces within 

 the arches are filled with fragments of the same rock, all evidently 

 forced from below. The bed of the stream has a covering of sand, 

 which, some way below, is agglutinated by lime into a tolerably hard 

 rock. The sand is derived from a quartoze sandstone, which crops out 

 in two or three places from the ascent south of the spring. The strata 

 are not horizontal, but neither the dip nor line of bearing could be 

 observed. 



North of Urjuna the rock is concealed by the soil as far as the 

 Pindee ghat, nearly a mile distant, which passes over the steep low 

 range, in which the Lingtee nulla rises. Its top is rounded, but on 

 either hand, several conical summits are seen outlying from the range, 

 which extends for some way from N. W. to S. E. On leaving the 



* The same was observed of the beautiful stream at Bibbery, in the month of May, 

 1828, and inclines me to think, that it derives its source in springs like those of Kair, 

 to be presently described. It rises in the Nirmal range. 



