Forest and Stream. 



A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun. 



Teems, $4 a Year. 10 Crs. A Copy. I 

 Six Months, 82. ( 



NEW YORK, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1893. 



I VOL. XLI.— No. 1 4 



I No. 318 Broadway, New York. 



CONTENTS. 



Editorial. 



Fish and Fertilizers. 

 Yacht Designing and Interna- 

 tional Racing. 

 Snap Shots. 



The Sportsman Tourist. 



Days at Hemlock. 

 The White Goat and his Country. 

 Natural History. 



The Opah. 

 Game Bag and Gun. 



More Prose About Barnegat. 

 In Louisiana Swamps. 

 The .22 Short Rifle. 

 Venison for the Meat Safe. 

 Maine Big Game. 

 The Vermont Woodcock Season. 

 Chicago and the West. 

 Camp-Fire Fhckerings. 



Sea and River Fishing. 



Angling Notes. 

 In Camp at Drag Lake. 

 The Ways of the Salmon. 

 Connecticut Bass Waters. 

 Chicago and the West. 

 New Jersey Coast Pounds. 

 Forest and Stream in the 

 World's Fair. 

 The Kennel. 

 Points and Flashes. 

 Mr. Barrymore's Esquimaux. 

 Dog Chat. 



The Kennel. 



Cocker Spaniel Type. 

 Kennel Notes. 



Answers to Correspondents. 



Hunting and Coursing. 



A Wolf Hunt with the Faulkner 

 Pack. 



New England Hounds. 

 English Greyhound Stud Book. 

 Hunting and Coursing Notes. 



Yachting. 



America's Cup Races. 

 Vigilant and Valkyrie. 

 The Cape May Cup. 

 Navahoe and Her Races. 

 News Notes. 



Canoeing. 



Amendments to A. C. A. Con 



stitution. 

 The Next A. C. A. Meet. 

 News Notes. 



Rifle Range and Gallery. 



Greenville Rifle Club. 

 Cincinnati Rifle Association. 

 Rifle Notes. 



Trap Shooting. 



Indianapolis Veteran Tourna- 

 ment. 



Pennsylvania Third Annual. 

 Drivers and Twisters. 

 Answers to Queries. 



The Forest and Stream is put to press 

 on Tuesdays. Correspondence intended for 

 publication should reach us by Mondays and 

 as much earlier as may be practicable. 



For Prospectus and Advertising Rates see Page 311 



You are invited 



to visit the " Forest and Stream's" 

 exhibit in the Angling Pavilion at 

 the entrance from the main hall 

 of the Fisheries Building, in the 

 World's Fair. 



FISH AND FERTILIZERS. 

 At the recent annual dinner the Old Colony Club, as in 

 duty bound, unanimously re-elected its genial president. 

 Ml. Joseph Jefferson, and took another start in its good 

 work of fighting for fish preservation. The impression 

 is gaining ground that the paper on "Fish and Fertilizers" 

 then read, is a valuable contribution to the literature of 

 the subject. 



The question considered was the truth of the claim that 

 the farmers of the country are interested to have fish cap- 

 tured by wholesale methods for their fertilizing proper- 

 ties. This claim is frequently made and the farmer vote 

 in legislative bodies has been relied on largely for this 

 reason, to oppose an united front to any fish protection. 

 The immediate occasion was a violent assault upon 

 "sports" and "sportsmen" in Buzzard's Bay by a leading 

 fertilizer manufacturer of Boston, and printed in the State 

 Agricultural Reports, to the effect that, as fish contain 

 nitrogen and phosphoric acid, the farmer should insist on 

 having them killed to put on his land, however distaste- 

 ful it might be to the "sportsmen" who desired to "fish off 

 their piazzas." 



The careful paper in reply is signed by Charles F. 

 Chamberlayne, secretary and counsel for the club, Col. J. 

 Lewis Stackpole, Frank Morrison, Esq., and the eminent 

 statistician Mr. Edward Atkinson. It takes the prelimin- 

 ary position that were the interests of the inland farmers 

 opposed in this matter to those of the hardy fishermen of 

 the coast, on-principles of fairness the right of a section 

 to its own natural advantages is superior to that of any 

 other section to destroy them, and that an important ad- 

 vantage of Buzzard's Bay (as of other places similarly sit- 

 uated) lies in the excellence of fishing both for food and 

 attracting visits from abroad. 



But the committee claim there is no conflict of interest 

 between the farmers and Buzzard's Bay. In the first 

 place, the farmer has no better friend to-day than the 

 sportsman. Any attempt to separate them is usually by some 

 interested and designing person who pats the farmer on 



the back while insinuating his hands in his pocket. The 

 farmer is naturally anxious to be relieved of the burden 

 of taxation. He is the worst taxed man of our social 

 system. He can only get relief by increased town, 

 county or State valuations, and nothing compares in this 

 respect with the summer population which Maine and 

 Massachusetts attract by the excellence of their fishing, 

 This takes no account of the market afforded to the 

 farmer's produce either directly or through hotels, board- 

 ing houses, etc. 



In the second place farmers do not need fish for fertil- 

 izers. Of course, the farmer must have fertilizers to re- 

 place the potash, nitrogen and phosphoric acid which the 

 plants take from the soU. But nature has not been so 

 arranged that the fertility of the soil must be replaced 

 by the impoverishment of the water. The potash is 

 found in unlimited quantities in all our granite soils and 

 merely needs an inexpensive treatment. The phosphoric 

 acid is furnished in endless profusion by the phosphate 

 of hme in the South Carolina or Florida beds which can- 

 not be exhausted for generations. The remaining ele- 

 ment, nitrogen, is on every hand. The atmosphere is 

 two-thirds composed of it. In chemical forms like 

 nitrate of soda or nitrate of potash, millions of tons are 

 annually imported into the country, and the supply will 

 suffice for centuries. In ammoniates the range is un- 

 hmited. 



More than this, the endless variety and inexhaustible 

 abundance of fertilizing materials can be utilized- by the 

 farmer at much cheaper prices than fish manure could 

 be sold him by the manufacturer. He can procure for 

 himself in standard forms: Nitrates and ground phos- 

 phate of lime for $14.50 or $19 per ton, precisely what 

 the manufacturer of fertiUzer from fish charge him ^ 

 per ton for. As the farmer cannot use fish to advantage 

 in its original form, he is, in using it, in the hands of the 

 manufacturer. In using other forms he is his own 

 master. 



The fertilizer manufacturer tries to convince the farmer 

 that the use of sulphuric acid is essential to fertility, and 

 so the farmer must buy of him, but chemistry and com- 

 mon sense show the contrary. Any cheapness from the 

 use of fish would never, in any event, go to the farmer, 

 for the price of the fertilizer, which no one can tell the 

 ingredients of, is fixed by the State in the assumption that 

 expensive ingredients are used. Any saving of expense 

 goes directly to the manufacturer and stays there. If 

 there is one less appeal to prejudice the farmer against 

 fish and game [preservation, it will put the fraternity 

 uader obligations to the Old Colony Club. 



DESIGNING AND INTERNATIONAL RACING. 

 In the international contest for the supremacy in yacht- 

 ing which has lasted for over forty years, the most 

 striking feature has been the difference of type between 

 challenger and defender, a difference which was as great 

 in 1885 or '86 as in 1851. For a time the influence of the 

 America and the attempts to imitate her peculiar features 

 resulted in a certain similarity in American and British 

 models; but as international racing flagged, the influence 

 of different measurement rules and local conditions re- 

 sumed their sway, and in the twenty years between 1860 

 and 1880 the progress of yacht designing in America and 

 England was on diametrically opposite lines. 



When the two nations came together in another con- 

 test, represented respectively by Wave, Shadow and 

 Schemer on the one side and Madge on the other, the 

 difference was most radical on every point of design, 

 model, construction, sails and rigging. Almost from the 

 first the influence of one nation on the other was visible, 

 and year by year it has become plainer, until at the 

 present time aU poUtical considerations have practically 

 disappeared, and a surprising unanimity of opinion in 

 technical matters lias taken their place. 



In rules of measurement and sailing regulations the two 

 great yachting nations are closely in agreement, and the 

 accepted theories of design and construction are shared 

 in common by American and British designers. 



The advantages to both parties of this state of affairs 

 can hardly be over-estimated; the designer of to-day en- 

 joys a freedom that was unknown even a dozen years 

 since, when obsolete rules and absurd traditions retarded 

 the advancement on each side. 



Whatever may be urged to-day against the modern 

 racing yacht as compared with some of the older craft, 

 it must be admitted that, as the result solely of inter- 



national competition, the yacht designer has before him 

 a wider field for experiment and improvement than was 

 ever dreamed of by his predecessors of twenty years 

 back. This benefit, shared by both nations alike, is en- 

 tirely to the overthrow of groundless theories and erro- 

 neous ideas by fair and open racing in all classes. The 

 yacht designer of to-day knows no nationality in his 

 work, but is guided only by the broad principles of 



SNAP SHOTS. 

 Me. Charles Hallock is one of the men of the day 

 whose autobiography would make an interesting volume, 

 and if Mr. Hallock shall carry out his expressed intention 

 of preparing the work as leisure may afford opportunity, 

 he vsdll be assured of a host of appreciative readers. 



We will pay $3 for the first received copy of the Forest 

 A^T) Stream of Aug. 13, 1874. The paper is desired to 

 complete a file in a city library. 



Mr. John W. Titcomb, well-known as the founder of 

 the Vermont Fish and Game League, and now one of the 

 Fish Commissioners of his State, is superintending the 

 construction of the new Government fish hatchery at St. 

 J ohnsbury. 



Four more of Mr. E. E. Thompson's portraits of Ameri- 

 can wild game will be printed as full-page supplements, 

 the first one of the Moose next week, Oct. 14; the Wood- 

 land Caribou, Nov. 4: Coon, Dec. 2, and White-Tailed 

 Deer, Jan. 6. 



The Jenkinses of the press have exhibited disgusting 

 snobbery in the daily chronicle of the movements of the 

 Dunraven party. After reading the New York reporters' 

 stories one might conclude that the winning of the Amer- 

 ica's Cup depended more on the set of the Eai-l's trousers 

 than on the set of Valkyrie's sails. 



The Audubon Society for the Protection of Birds, estab- 

 lished by Forest and Stream in this city, some years ago, 

 has a namesake in the Chicago Audubon Society, which 

 has recently been incorporated. The purpose is declared 

 to be to prevent the destruction of birds; and the incor- 

 porators are Rev. J. L. Jones, of Unity, E. S. Rood and 

 Edward J. Galvin. 



The volume entitled "American Big Game Hunting" 

 was published on Thursday, Oct. 5, and we anticipate 

 for it a wide popularity not only among big game hunters, 

 but among all who feel an interest in matters pertaining 

 to outdoor hfe and to game and forest preservation. Its 

 tone is dignified and wholesome, and at the same time it 

 contains a great fund of interesting adventure and of in- 

 formation about regions that are Uttle known and animals 

 that are yearly growing scarcer and harder to find. 



Michigan has been added to the small band of States 

 in which the trap-shooting of pigeons is forbidden by 

 statute. The last Legislature adopted a law prohibiting 

 the keeping of any birds for target purposes except 

 English sparrows. Trap-shooting interests appear to be 

 healthful in Michigan at the present time. They are not 

 likely to feel any effect of the new law in the slightest 

 degree. For the past few years artificial targets have 

 everywhere practically monopolized trap-shooting, and 

 the substitution of inanimate for animate birds has been 

 one of the chief factors in creating the popularity of the 

 sport. In spite of the facts of the case, however, we may 

 reasonably expect to hear alarmist cries that the new 

 statute is an entering wedge agaiast field shooting. 



Every year brings an increase in the number of sports- 

 men who care less and less to kill great scores of big 

 game, and more and more to study the game in its native 

 haunts. Amateur photography has unquestionably had a 

 large and direct influence in promoting the change. It is 

 an achievement — and a worthy achievement — to secure 

 one's game by skill and endurance; and then to photo- 

 graph it. But there is a richer satisfaction in the succe.=}s- 

 ful exposure of plates on hving game; for to accomplish 

 this requires even more genuine hunting skill than does 

 the kiUmg. This reminds us to say that Mr. E. Hofer, 

 who was a pioneer in the fleld of live game photography, 

 and who has already written of this in the Forest and 

 Stream, is now preparing another paper on the subject 

 for our columns, to be illustrated with reproductions of . 

 interesting game photogi-aphs secured by him in the 

 National Park. 



