150 On (he Creeds Customs and Literature of the Jangams, [Jav. 



duty to support the guru, or to consult him, and own his authority in 

 ordinary affairs. It is the duty of the Jangiim to support and be a son 

 to the guru or father confessor : but the guru never asks alms of those 

 who are not in the creed. Several gurus are emph)yed as paid tutors or 

 clerks among the English, and of course receive wages : which would be 

 unlawful were the employer a Jangam. 



These rules regarding initiation are analogous to those used among 

 Musulmans, wherein the teacher is called Moorshiid, and the disciple 

 (manor womun) is a Mooreed. The ceremonies used on that occasion 

 are fully described in Dr. Herklots's " Customs of Musulmans," page 

 282. In each faith love of God, and benevolence towards brethren in 

 the faith are the proposed objects. 



Regarding the Aradhyas^ 



In other see's of Hindus the Bramin uniformly takes precedence of 

 other castes. But among the Vira Saivas he is degraded beneath all 

 others. 



Hence there is a perpetual feud between the Aradhyns and the Jan- 

 gams who (unless at funerals where all are bound to assist) treat these 

 Braniins with contempt. 



And as a reason for such behaviour they allege that the Aradhya 

 is an idolater because in assuming the sacred thread he is obliged, in 

 common with all Bramins, to offer adoration to the sun, whereas Basava 

 ordained the worship of God alone. 



The Aradhyas also give great offence by affecting a superiority over 

 other castes. The Jangam is bound to be courteous to all : especially 

 to fellow worshippers : and return a woman's salutation or bow just as 

 heedfully as that of a man. But the Aiadhya calls himself a Bramin: 

 he salutes none but Bramins, and looks upon ncne else to be Jangams 

 or brothers in the faith. He will not pay more honour to women than 

 other Bramins do. In fact women are not much better off among Arad- 

 hyas than among other Bramins, If her husband dies a woman cannot 

 marry again. Certainly her head is not shaved nor is she expected to 

 die with her husband, but even this rite has been very reluctantly laid 

 aside, and some Aradhyas have honestly confessed to me that they 

 much regret the prohibition. 



The rites oi prayaschittam, and other sorts of purification and fasting, 

 are as severely binding on the Aradhyas as on other Bramins. They 

 assert that they religiously adhere to the carma canda, or ceremonial 

 law. But they fail to establish this to the satisfaction of a Bramin. 



