1840.] 



Himalayas and of India. 



125 



the Noctuidse, Geometrid^e, Tortricidse, and Tineldte, many species will 

 also be found inhabitants of both continents. In the Orthoptera, some 

 Gryllidse are common to countries remotely situated, which may partly be 

 accounted for by the migratory habits of these Insects ; and the same 

 remarks may be applied to the Sphingida;. i^mong the Blattida?, several 

 tropical species range widely ; some of them have become naturalized 

 even in a northern climate ; and it is no uncommon occurrence to find 

 Indian, Brazilian, and New Holland, species in a high state of perfection 

 alive in the houses of London ; and among the Eastern Neuroptera, there 

 occur various Libellulinae and Hemerobeidse, closely resembling our En- 

 glish species. 



Among the Hymenoptera, may be noticed the universal ranger, Evania 

 appendigaster, ever attendant on Blatta ; some Icheumonidse, Crabro- 

 nidae, Apidae, and Vespidse, all of them presenting identical species with 

 those of our own country. In referring to the Diptera, I need only men- 

 tion the wide range of the Orange Fly, the same in England, India, and 

 America ; the Gnats and Mosquitoes, common to the four quarters of the 

 globe, alike the pest of the Indian and Laplander ; and, lastly, various 

 species of Musca, as widely dispersed as the half-domesticated sparrow 

 of Great Britain. Passing by the Aptera, and the various parasites of 

 birds, quadrupeds, and of man himself, we shall find also among the He- 

 miptera, several identical species of Peutatoma, Reduvius, Tetyra, besides 

 Cimez lectularius, the scourge of all countries and climates. It does ap- 

 pear, then, from the above Analysis, that Asia and Europe have many 

 Insects in common, and probably other parts of the world will eventually 

 be found to present not only similar genera and representatives, but also 

 the same identical species, subject to the modifications of climate, and 

 other external circumstances. 



CHARACTER or HIMALAYAN ENTOMOLOGY. 



The character of Himalayan Entomology is twofold, Asiatic and Eu- 

 ropean ; and the intermingling of forms of temperate and tropical climes 

 is one of its most distinguishing peculiarities. In its valleys (probably 

 influenced by the heat and moisture of the jungle) southern forms pre- 

 dominate over northern ; and it is not unlikely, that to the uninterrupted 

 belts of jungle stretching along the mountain ranges, we may partly trace 

 several tropical phyty vorous genera far beyond their apparent natural 

 limits. Some carnivorous Insects are also found ranging for to the north in 

 the Himalayas ; an example of which is Anthia 6-guttata, a well-known 



