230 On Low Steam Power to Vessels, instead of Sails. [Oct, 



These points are so well known and have been so often ascertain- 

 ed practically, that it is not necessary to attempt the proof of them 

 here. 



The point that remains is simply to estimate from these principles 

 and from the known cost of the various items in sailing and steaming, 

 which would be cheapest at different rates of speed, to work a vessel by 

 sails or by steam. 



For this purpose the actual cost of working a vessel of 380 tons, 

 new measurement, in the Indian seas for near two years may be taken, 

 as a subject for comparison. 



EXPENCES OF A SAILING VESSEL. 



First class vessel of 380 tons new measurement, above an average 

 sailer, and working well, carrying 400 tons of a mixed cargo. 



COST. 



Hull 3600 £ 



Fitting for sea in every respect 2400 



Total cost 6000 £ 



EXPENCES. 



£ 



Insurance at 6 per cent 360 



Commander. -« 360 



1st Officer 120 



2d do 72 



4 Sucunnies (helmsmen) 120 



Syrang and 2 tindals » 66 



China carpenter 48 



Butler and boy 24 



28 Lascars 336 



Victualling 38 persons 47 



Renewing sails 80 



Do. spars 40 



Repairing hull, 2^ per cent, {including coppering) 90 



Sundries, paint, &c 50 



Port charges ......r... 200 



Replacing hull, 3 per cent 108 



Steam tug hire , 30 



Total expences per annum 2151 £ 



