xvi 



CHAPTER XV 



THE SANDWICH ISLANDS 



Position and Physical Features — Zoology of the Sandwich Islands — Birds 

 — Reptiles — Land-shells— Insects — Vegetation of the Sandwich Islands 

 — Peculiar Features of the Hawaiian Flora^ — Antiquity of the Hawaiian 

 Fauna and Flora — Concluding Observations on the Fauna and Flora of 

 the Sandwich Islands — General Remarks on Oceanic Islands 



Pages 310—330 



CHAPTER XVI 



CONTINENTAL ISLANDS OF RECENT ORIGIN : GREAT BRITAIN 



■Characteristic Features of Recent Continental Islands — Recent Physical 

 Changes of the British Isles— Proofs of Former Elevation— Submerged 

 Forests — Buried River Channels — Time of Last Union with the 

 Continent — Why Britain is Poor in Species — Peculiar British Birds — 

 Fresh-water Fishes— Cause of Great Speciality in Fishes— Peculiar 

 British Insects— Lepidoptera Confined to the British Isles— Peculiarities 

 of the Isle of Man Le])idoptera — Coleoptera Confined to the British 

 Isles— Trichoptera Peculiar to the British Isles— Land and Fresh- water 

 Shells^Peculiarities of the British Flora— Peculiarities of the Irish 

 Flora — Peculiar British Mosses and Hepaticse — Concluding Remarks on 

 the Peculiarities of the British Fauna and Flora . Pages 331 — 372 



CHAPTER XVII 



BORNEO AND JAVA 



Position and Physical Features of Borneo — Zoological Features of Borneo : 

 Mammalia — Birds — The Affinities of the Borneo Fauna — Java, its 

 Position and Physical Features — General Character of the Fauna of 

 Java — Differences Between the Fauna of Java and that of the other 

 Malay Islands — Special Relations of the Javan Fauna to that of the 

 Asiatic Continent — Past Geographical Changes of Java and Borneo — 

 The Philippine Islands — Concluding Remarks on the Malay Islands 



Pages 373—390 



CHAPTER XVIII 



JAPAN AND FORMOSA 



Japan, its Position and Physical Features — Zoological Features of Japan — 

 Mammalia — Birds — Birds Common to Great Britain and Japan — Birds 

 Peculiar to Japan — Japan Birds Recurring in Distant Areas — Formosa 

 — Physical Features of Formosa — Animal Life of Formosa — Mammalia 

 —Land Birds Peculiar to Formosa — Formosan Birds Recurring in India 

 or Malaya — Comparison of Faunas of Hainan, Formosa, and Japan — 

 General Remarks on Recent Continental Islands . Pages 391 — 410 



