560 



INDEX 



Perodicticus, a local genus, 26 

 Petroselinum segetum, on railway bank, 

 514 



Philippine Islands, 386 



mammalia of, 386 



birds of, 387 



past history of, 389 

 Phyllodactylus galapagensis, 279 

 Phylloscopus borealis, range of, 15 

 Physical causes which determine distri- 

 bution, 533 



features of Formosa, 401 

 Pica, 17 



I'ickering, Dr., on the flora of the Sand- 

 wich Islands, 323 

 on temperate forms on mountains of 

 the Sandwich Islands, 323 

 Pithecia monachus, distribution of, 18 

 P. rufibarhata, 18 

 Pitta, distribution of, 25 

 Plants, dispersal of, 80 



seeds of, adapted for dispersal, 80 

 wide range of species and genera of, 

 185 



poverty of, in Ireland, 339 

 peculiar British, 361 

 of Ireland not in Great Britain, 364 

 cause of their wide diffusion and nar- 

 row restriction, 369 

 easily dispersed often have restricted 



ranges, 504 

 how they migrate from north to 



south, 512 

 of existing genera throughout the 



Tertiary period, 520 

 southern migration of, by way of the 



Himalayas, 523 

 southern migration of, through 



Africa, 524 

 endemic genera of, in New Zealand, 



526 



Platypus, 30 



Plestiodon longirostris of Bermuda, 266 

 Po, matter carried away by, 173 

 Podargus, Australian genus, 47 

 Poecilozonites, peculiar to Bermuda, 271 

 Poinciana rcgia in Madagascar, 440 

 Populus, fossil in Spitzbergen, 184 

 Pourtales, Count, on modern formation 



of chalk, 95 

 on sedimentary deposits in Gulf of 



Mexico, 222 

 Poverty in species of Britain, 338 

 Precession of Equinoxes, influence of, on 



climate, 126 

 Preservation of species, 63 

 Proboscidea, range of, 30 

 Proteus, why preserved, 63 

 Psophia, range of species of, 18 

 Pteroptochidaj, 29 



Pyrenean ibex, restricted range of, 15 



R. 



Railways, new plants on, 513 

 Ramsay, Mr. Wardlaw, on I'liilippino 

 birds, 388 



Ramsay, Professor, on ancient land sur- 

 faces, 99 



on geological time, 212 



on thickness of sedimentary rocks, 

 219 



Rat, native, of New Zealand, 475 



Rate of organic change usually measured 



by an incorrect scale, 232 

 Rats in the Galapagos, 278 

 Raven, wide range of, 15 

 Reade, T. Mellard, on changes of sea and 



land, 84 



Recent continental islands, 243, 331 



Red clay of Bermuda, 265 



Reptiles, dispersal of, 75 

 of the Galapagos, 278 

 of the Sandwich Islands, 316 

 cause of scarcity of, in British Isles, 

 339 



of Madagascar, 417 



of the Seychelles, 430 



of Mauritius and Round Island, 438 



of New Zealand, 483 

 Rhodoloena altivola in Madagascar, 440 

 Ridgway, Mr., on birds of Galapagos, 281 

 River-channels, buried, 336 

 Roches moutonnccs, 108 

 Rodents in Madagascar, 417 

 Round Island, a snake and a palm pecu- 

 liar to, 438, 444 

 Rumex pulcher in New Zealand, 515 

 Rye, Mr. E. C., oii peculiar British in- 

 sects, 345, 351 



St. Helena, 292 



effects of European occupation on the 



vegetation of, 294 

 insects of, 298 

 land-shells of, 304 



absence of fresh water organisms in, 

 304 



native vegetation of, 305 

 Sandwich Islands, the, 310 



zoology of, 313 



birds of, 313 



reptiles of, 316 



land-shells of, 317 



insects of, 318 



vegetation of, 321 



antiquity of fauna and flora of, 328 

 Sassafras, in Swiss Miocene, 183 

 Scandinavian flora, aggressive power of, 

 511 



Scientific voyages, comparative results 



of, 7 

 Sciurus, 26 



Sclater, Mr. P. L., on zoological regions, 

 32, 39 



Scotland, glacial deposits of, 112-115 

 probable rate of denudation in, 173 

 Miocene flora of, 184 

 peculiar fishes of, 341 



Scoto2)hilus tubcrculatus in New Zealand 

 474 



