CONTENTS. 



xiii 



CHAPTER XIV, 



ST. HELENA. 



Position and physical features of St. Helena — Change effected by European occupa- 

 tion — The Insects of St. Helena — Coleoptera — Peculiarities and origin of the 

 Coleoptera of St. Helena — Land-shells of St, Helena —Absence of Fresh-water 

 Organisms— Native vegetation of St. Helena— The relations of the St. Helena 

 Compositse— Concluding remarks on St. Helena .... Pages 281—297 



CHAPTER XY. 



" THE SANDWICH ISLANDS. 



Position and Physical features — Zoology of the Sandwich Islands — Birds — Reptiles — 

 Land-shells — Insects — Vegetation of the Sandwich Islands — Peculiar features of 

 the Hawaiian Flora — Antiquity of the Hawaiian Fauna and Flora — Concluding 

 observations on the Fauna and Flora of the Sandwich Islands — General Remarks 

 on Oceanic Islands Pacjes 298—311 



CHAPTER XVI. 



CONTINENTAL ISLANDS OF RECENT ORIGIN : GREAT BRITAIN, 



Characteristic Features of Recent Continental Islands — Recent Physical Changes of 

 the British Isles — ^Proofs of Former Elevation — Submerged Forests — Buried River 

 Channels — Time of Last Union with the Continent — Why Britain is poor in 

 Species — Peculiar British Birds — Fresh-water Fishes — Cause of Great Speciality 

 in Fishes — Peculiar British Insects — Lepidoptera confined to the British Isles — 

 Peculiarities of the Isle of Man Lepidoptera — Coleoptera confined to the British 

 Isles — Trichoptera peculiar to the British Isles — Land and Fresh-water Shells — 

 Peculiarities of the British Flora -Peculiarities of the Irish Flora — Peculiar 

 British Mosses and Hepaticae— Concluding Remarks on the Peculiarities of the 

 British Fauna and Flora Pages 312 — 347 



CHAPTER XVII. 



BORNEO AND JAVA. 



Position and physical features of Borneo— Zoological features of Borneo : Mammalia 

 — Birds — The aflSnities of the Bornean fauna— Java, its position and physical fea- 

 tures—General character of the fauna of Java— Differences between the fauna of 

 Java and that of the other Malay Islands— Special relations of the Javan fauna 

 to that of the Asiatic continent — Past geographical changes of Java and Borneo 

 —The Philippine Islands— Concluding Remarks on the Malay Islands 



Pages 348—362 



CHAPTER XVIII. 



JAPAN AND FORMOSA. 



Japan, its position and Physical features— Zoological features of Japan— Mammalia 

 —Birds— Birds common to Great Britain and Japan— Birds peculiar to Japan 

 —Japan Birds recurring in distant areas— Formosa— Physical features of For- 

 mosa—Animal life of Formosa— Mammalia— Land birds peculiar to Formosa— 

 Formosan birds recurring in India or Malaya— Comparison of faunas of Hainan, 

 Formosa, and Japan— General Remarks on Recent Continental Islands 



Pages 363—382 



