CHAP. XY.] 



THE SANDWICH ISLANDS. 



307 



Aurantiacese, Guttiferse, Malpighiacese, Meliaceae, Combretacese, 

 Rhizoplioracese, Melastomacese, Passifloracese, Cunoniacese, 

 Jasminacefe, Acantliacese, Myristicacese, Casuaracese, Scita- 

 minese, and Aracse, as well as tlie genera Clerodendrum, Ficus, 

 and epidendric orchids. Australian affinities are shown by the 

 genera Exocarpus, Cyathodes, Melicope, Pittosporum, and by a 

 phyllodinous Acacia. New Zealand is represented by Ascarina, 

 Coprosma, Acsena, and several Cyperacese; while America is 

 represented by the genera Nama, Gunnera, Phyllostegia, Sisy- 

 rinchium, and by a red-flowered Rubus and a 3^ellcw-flowered 

 Sanicula allied to Oregon species. 



There is no true alpine flora on the higher summits, but 

 several of the temperate forms extend to a great elevation. 

 Thus Mr. Pickering records Vaccinium, Ranunculus, Silene, 

 Gnaphalium and Geranium, as occurring above ten thousand 

 feet elevation ; while Viola, Drosera, Acsena, Lobelia, Edwardsia, 

 Dodonsea, Lycopodium, and many Compositae, range above six 

 thousand feet. Yaccinium and Silene are very interesting, as 

 they are peculiar to the North Temperate zone, except one Silene 

 in South Africa. 



The proportionate abundance of the different families in this 

 interesting flora is as follows : — 



12 species. 



1. CompositEP, 



47 species. 



11. Piperacefo, 



12 



2. Cyperacege, 



39 „ 



12. ConvolvLilacej^?, 



12 



3. Lobeliacefie, 



35 „ 



13. Malvaceae, 



12 



4. Rubiacese, 



33 „ 



14. AmarantaceEe, 



9 



5. Labiatae, 



27 „ 



15. Araliacege, 



8 



6. LeguminosEe, 



20 „ 



16. Vio]ace£e, 



6 



7. Rutace^e, 



17 



17. Pittosporacesc, 



6 



8. Caryophyllacea?, 



14 „ 



18. Myrtacese, 



6 



9. Gesneriacea), 



14 „ 



19. Goodeniaceee, 



6 



10. Urticaceas, 



13 „ 



20. Thyme! ace£e. 



6 



Four other orders, Geraniaceae, Rhamnacese, Rosacese, and 

 Cucurbitaceee, have five species each ; and among the more im- 

 portant orders which have less than five species each are Ranun- 

 culacese, Ericacea3, Primulacese, Polygonacese, Orchidacese, and 

 Juncacese. In the above enumeration the grasses (Graminacese) 

 are omitted, as they were not described at the time Mr. Mann's 



X 2 



