CHAP. XVII.] 



BORNEO AND JAVA. 



351 



Zoological Featuees of Borneo. 



Mammalia. — About ninety-six species of mammalia have 

 been discovered in Borneo, and of these nearly two-thirds are 

 identical with those of the surrounding countries, and nearly 

 one half with those of the continent. Among these are two 

 lemurs, three civets, three cats, three deer, the tapir, the elephant, 

 and several squirrels, an assemblage which could certainly only 

 have reached the country by land. The following species of 

 mammalia are supposed to be peculiar to Borneo : — 



QUADRUMANA, 



1. Simia morio. A small orang-utan 



with large incisor teeth. 



2. Hylobates concolor. 



3. Nasalis larvatus. 



4. Semnopithecus rubicunclns. 



5. „ chrysomelas. 



6. „ frontatus. 



7. Macacus melanotus. 



Carnivora. 



8. Cynogale beunettii. 



9. Paradoxurus stigmaticus. 



10. Herpestes semitorquatus, 



11. „ hrachyurus. 



12. Felis badia. 



13. Liitra lovii {Gunther, P. Z. S. 



1876, p. 736). 



Ungulata. 



14. Sus barbatus. 



KODENTIA. 



15. Pteromys phfeomelap. 



16. Sciurus ephippium. 



17. Sciurus pluto. 



18. „ macrotis. 



19. „ sarawakensis. 



20. „ borneonensis. 



21. „ rufogularis. 



22. „ atricapillus. 



23. „ rufogaster. 



24. Acanthion crassispinis. 



25. Trichys lipura. 



Insectivora.' 



26. Tupaia splendidnla. 



27. „ minor {Gunther, P. Z. 8. 

 1876, p. 426). 



2S. Dendrogale murina. 



29. Ptilocerus lowii. 



Ohiroptera. 



30. Phyllorina dorise. 



3J. Vesperugo stenopterus. 



32. „ dori£e. 



33. tylopus. 



34. Taphozous affinis. 



Of the thirty-four peculiar species here enumerated, it is 

 probable that when they are more carefully studied some 

 will be found to be identical with those of Malacca or Sumatra ; 

 but there are also four peculiar genera which are less likely 

 to be discovered elsewhere. These are Nasalis, the remarkable 

 long-nosed monkey; Cynogale, a semi-aquatic civet; Trichys, 

 a tailless porcupine ; and Ptilocerus, a feather- tailed arboreal 

 insectivore. These peculiar forms do not, however, imply 

 that the separation of the island from the continent is of very 

 ancient date, for the country is so vast and so much of the 



