INDEX. 



517 



British mammals as indicating a zoological 



region, 33 

 Buried river-channels, 317 



Biiteo soUtarhis, 801 



Butterflies of Celebes, peculiar shape of, 433 

 Butterflies, peculiar British, 327 ■ 



C. 



Caddis-flies peculiar to Britain, 337 

 Ceecilia, species of, in the Se3'chelles, 404 



wide distribution of, 404 

 C8eciliada3, 27 

 Callithea Leprieuri, 18 

 Callithea sappMra, 18 

 Camels as destroyers of vegetation, 285 

 Camels, former wide distribution of, 892 

 Came]us, 17, 26 

 Campanula vidalii, 252 

 Canis, 17, 25 

 Carabus, 42 



Carboniferous boulder-beds, 194 

 Carboniferous warm Arctic climate, 195 

 Carnivora in Madagascar, 389 

 Carpenter, Dr., on habitat of globigerlnse, 

 90 



Carpenter, Mr. Edward, on Mars and glacial 



periods, 159 

 Carduus marianus in New Zealand, 483 

 Carpodacus purpureus and P. califovnicus, 66 

 Castor, 17 

 Casuarina, 179 

 Casuarina in India, 495 

 Cause of extinction, 61 

 Caves of Glamorganshire, 316 

 Cebibse, overlapping genera of, 23 

 Celebes, physical features of, 422 



islands around, 424 



zoology of, 426 



derivation of mammals of, 427 

 birds of, 428 



not a continental island, 431 

 insect pecularities of, 432 

 Himalayan types in, 433 

 peculiarity of butterflies of, 433 

 list of land-birds of, 436 

 Centetidse, 26 



Centetidse, formerly inhabited Europe, 891 

 Central America, 52 

 Ceratodus, or mud-fish, 67 

 Cervus, 17, 25 



Chalk a supposed oceanic formation, 87 

 Chalk at Oahu, analysis of, 88 

 Chalk, analysis of, 89 



Chalk moUusca indicative of shallow water, 

 90 



Chalk sea, extent of, in Europe, 91 

 Chalk-formation, land-plants found in, 92 



deposited in a shallow sea, 92 



of Faxoe an ancient coral-reef, 92 



modern formation of, 93 



supposed oceanic origin of erroneous, 

 94 



"Challenger" soundings and shore-deposits, 

 84 



*' Challenger " ridge in the Atlantic, 93 

 Chameleons very abundant in Madagascar, 

 402 



Chamois, distribution of, 13 

 Changes of land and sea, 81 

 Chasmorhynchus, distribution of, 23 

 C. nudicollis, 24 

 C. tricarunculatus, 24 

 C. variegatus, 24 

 Chilomenus lunata, 289 

 Chinchillas, 26 



Chrysochloridse, 29 

 Cicindela, 17 



Cicindelidse common to South America and 



Madagascar, 27 

 Climate affected by arrangement of the 



great continents, 198 

 astronomical causes of changes of, 122 

 causes of mild Arctic, 183 

 changes of, during Tertiary and 



Secondary Periods, 196 

 changes of, as affecting migration of 



plants, 485 



Climate, nature of changes of, caused by 

 high excentricity, 223 

 exceptional stability of the present, 224 

 of Britain with winter in aphelion, 151 

 of Tertiary period , in Europe and 

 N. America, 171 

 Climates of Tertiary and Secondary periods, 

 195 



Climate of the Secondary and Palceozoic 

 epochs, 193, 195 



Climate, properties of snow and ice in re- 

 lation to, 127 



Climatal changes, 103 



Climatal change, its essential principle re- 

 stated, 153 



Climatal changes as modifying organisms, 

 220, 222 



Clouds cut off the sun's heat, 140 



Coal in Sumatra, 358 



Coast line of glolae, extent of, 214 



Cochoa, distribution of, 25 



Cold alone does not cause glaciation, 130 

 how it can be stored up, 128 



Coleoptera of the Azores, 245 



of St. Helena, 286 \ 

 of the Sandwich Islands, 305 

 peculiar British species of, 832 



Comoro Islands, 399 



mammals and birds of, 400 



Compositge of the Galapagos, 277 

 of St. Helena, 295 

 of the Sandwich Islands, 303 

 of the Mascarene Islands, 416 

 species often have restricted ranges, 473 



Conclusions on the New Zealand flora, 

 474 



Contemporaneous formation of Lower 

 Greensand and Wealden, 213 



Continental conditions throughout geo- 

 logical time, 94—97 

 changes and animal distribution, 99 

 extensions will not explain anomalous 

 facts of distribution, 420 



Continental Islands, 235 

 of recent origin, 812 

 general remarks on recent, 330 



Continental period, date of, 318 



Continents, movements of, 86 

 permanence of, 94 

 general stability of, 99, 101 

 geological development of, 198 



Continuity of land, 72 



Continuity of now isolated groups, proof of, 

 69 



Cook, Captain, on a native quadruped in 



New Zealand, 446 

 Cope, Professor, on the Bermuda lizard, 



257 



Coracias temminckii, 433 

 Corvus, 17 



Cossonidae, in St. Helena, 287 

 Cretaceous deposits in North Australia, 462, 

 465 



Cretaceous flora of Greenland, 179 



Croll, Dr. James, on Antarctic icebergs, 132 



