518 



INDEX. 



CroU, Dr. James, on winter temperature of 



Britain in glacial epoch, 133 

 on diversion of gulf-stream during the 



glacial epoch, 138 

 on loss of heat by clouds and fogs, 140 

 on geographical causes as affecting 



climate, 143 

 on ancient glacial epochs, 164 

 on universality of glacial markings in 



Scotland, 167 

 on mild climates of Arctic regions, 175 

 on ocean-currents, 183, 197 

 on age of the earth, 206 

 on mean thickness of sedimentary rocks, 



212 



on small amount of marine denudation, 

 218 



on buried river-channels, 317 

 Ctenodus, 67 



Cyanopica, distribution of, 23 

 Cyanopica cooM, restricted range of, 15, 23 

 Cyanopica cyanus, 23 

 Cynopithecus nigresceiis, 427 



D. 



Dacelo> 46 



Dana on continental upheavals, 86 



on chalk in the Sandwich Islands, 88 

 on elevation of land causing the glacial 



epoch, 147 

 on elevation of Western America, 188 

 on the development of continents, 188 

 on shore-deposits, 215 

 on life extermination by cold epochs, 



222 



Darwin's experiment on Helix pomatia, 76 

 experiments on seed-dispersal, 249 

 theory of formation of atolls, 397 



Darwin, on the permanence of oceans, 97 

 on cloudy sky of Antarctic regions, 141 

 on glaciers of the Southern Andes, 142 

 on geological time, 204 

 on complex relations of organisms, 219 

 on seeds carried by birds, 250 

 on natural history of the Keeling 



Islands, 275 

 on cultivated plants not running wild, 

 476 



De CandoUe on dispersal of seeds, 78 



Deep-sea deposits, 211 



Delphinium ajacis, on a railway bank, 483 



Dendroeca, 18 



D. ccerulea, 18 



D. discolor, 18 



D. dominica, 18 



Dendrceca coronata, variation of, 57 

 Dendrophidae, 27 



Denudation destroys the evidences of glacia- 

 tion, 166 



Denudation and deposition as a measure of 

 time, 206 



Denudation in river basins, measurement of, 

 208 



Denudation, marine as compared with sub- 

 aerial, 218 



Deposition of sediments, how to estimate 



the average, 214 

 Deserts, cause of high temperature of, 128 

 Diagram of excentricity and precession, 124 

 Diagram of excentricity for three million 



years, 165 

 Dididae, how exterminated, 407 

 Didunculus, keeled sternum of, 408 

 Diospyros, 179 



Diplotaxis muralis, on railway banks, 481 



Dipnoi, discontinuity of, 67 

 Dipterus, 67 



Discontinuous generic areas, 23 

 Discontinuity among North American birds. 



65 



Discontinuity a proof of antiquity, 67 

 Discontinuous areas, 63 



why rare, 63 

 Dispersal of animals, 70 



of land animals, how effected, 74 

 Dispersal of seeds by wind, 78 



by birds, 79 



by ocean-currents, 79 



along mountain-chains, 79 

 Dispersal of Azorean plants, facilities for, 

 251 



Distribution, changes of shown by extinct 

 animals, 100 

 how to explain anomalies of, 892 

 Drontheim mountains, peculiar mosses of, 

 343 



Dobson, Mr., on bats of Japan, 366 



on the affinities of Mystacina tuberculata, 

 445 



Dodo, the, 407 



aborted wings of, 403 

 Dryiophid?E, 27 



Dumeril, Professor, on lizards of Bourbon, 

 406 



Duncan, Professor P. M., on ancient sea of 

 central Australia, 405 



E. 



Earlv history of New Zealand, 455 



Earth's age, 203 



East Asian birds, range of, 38 



East and West Australian floras, geological 



explanation of, 464 

 Echidna, 30 

 Echimyidse, 26 



Elevation of North America during glacial 

 period, 149 

 causing diversion of gulf-stream, 149 

 Emheriza schoeniclus, discontinuity of, 64 

 E. passerina, range of, 65 

 E. pyrrhulina, 65 



Endemic genera of ijlants in Mauritius, &c., 

 413 



Endemic genera of plants in New Zealand, 

 494 



English plants in St. Helena, 286 

 Environment, change of as modifying or- 

 ganisms, 219 

 Erioca.ulon septan gulare, 340 

 Ethiopian Region, definition of, 42 



birds of, 43 

 Ettinghausen, Dr., on Australian plants in 



England, 486 

 Eucalyptus, 179 



Eucalyptus and Acacia, why not in New 



Zealand, 475 

 Eucalyptus in Eocene of Sheppey, 486 

 Eupetes, distribution of, 25 

 Europe, Asia, &c. , as zoological terms, 31 

 European birds, range of, 16 

 European birds in Bermuda, 259 

 European occupation, effects of in St. 



Helena, 283 

 European plants in New Zealand, 477 



in Chile and Fuegia, 489 

 Everett, Mr., on raised coral-reefs in the 



Philippines. 362 

 Evolution necessitates continuity, 68 

 Excentricity and precession, diagram of, 



124 



