2 



Statistics of the 



[No. 87, 



tion having been merely as a means to repel the aggressions of plun- 

 dering horse, and are in no ways adapted to sustain the approaches 

 of a regular siege. The walls are pierced by thirteen 

 gateways, exclusive of a small postern wicket. 

 The four principal entrances face the cardinal points and are res- 

 pectively the Mecca gate to the west ; the Khas or Jaulnah gate to 

 the east ; the Delhi gate to the north ; and the Puttun gate to the 

 south ; besides these there are the Jaffier, Khirkee, Borrapool, Mah- 

 moud, and Roshen gates ; as well as four others, now permanently 

 closed or walled up, whose names are the Khyzree, Khud Ghur, Ma- 

 da and Koomhur gates : the Borrapool entrance was also closed until 

 the last few years in consequence of its unprotected position, having 

 formerly been taken advantage of by Pindarrees, and forced, 



Post Office distances Travelling distance to Bombay 2 1 5 miles, to Cal- 

 from principal cu tta 963 miles, to Madras 690 miles, to Hyderabad 

 303 miles, to Nagpoor 286 miles, to Poonah 144 

 miles, to Toka, the nearest frontier boundary, 28 miles. 



Latitude and Lougi- Tt is situated in 19 - 53 north latitude and 75.29 

 tude position. eas t longitude: Aurungabad stands within one of 

 those innumerable valleys, formed by off-shoots from the Sichel 

 range, projecting into the plains of the Godavery : two stony 

 ridges running parallel to each other form its limits upon the north 

 and south, their composition is the softer amygdaloid description 

 of rock, common to the surrounding table lands, through which 

 basaltic strata are seen disposed in an undisturbed horizontality, 

 giving those appearances of terraced stratification generally conferred 

 by lateral and alluvial deposits. The highest point of these hills 

 has been ascertained, trigonometrically, not to exceed 667 feet above 

 the level of the valley ; whilst the sea level of the latter is about 

 3 ,100 feet, as deduced from the boiling point, which corresponds with 

 the altitude of adjoining hills, whose elevations above the sea have 

 been obtained in a more scientific manner. The valley has a general 

 breadth of about 10 miles: towards the east the horizon is open, 

 but on the west, the northern range deflects, and curves in towards 

 the city, sending a spur close upon its suburbs, causing great ine- 

 qualities of the surface in that direction ; along the basis of either 

 range, the soil is shallow and very rocky, supporting but a scanty 



