1850.] City of Aurungabad. 



vegetation with stunted appearance of trees and shrubs ; whilst 

 towards the centre it deepens, and becomes rich and fertile, fed by 

 the running streams common to these valleys. 



Such being the principal features of its physical geography, we 

 are in a position to understand the causes of its cli- 



Chmate. r 



matic phenomena, which are found to consist mainly 

 in great diurnal vicissitudes of temperature ; an unequal mon- 

 soon ; and dry and strong easterly winds for a considerable portion 

 of the year. During the rains the climate is the most agreeable that 

 can be imagined, but the dissicating nature of the easterly winds 

 at other seasons, is trying and distressing to delicate constitutions, 

 though to those who are acclimated it is not complained of: this 

 disagreeable wind prevails for the most part towards the close, and 

 commencement of the year : the vicissitude in the daily temperature 



at this season, is most excessive ; the thermometer at 

 ^nCoid Season! sunrise sometimes being as low as 46° and rising by 



2 o'clock to 86° making a diurnal range of 40° : dur- 

 Maximum Tem- ing the hot months the maximum range of temperature 



was observed to occur on the 22d of May, when the 

 thermometer stood at 106° in the shade between 2 and 3 o'clock : 

 the minimum range for this season was 78° giving a range of 18° 

 for the whole hot weather. The mean annual tem- 



Mean annual Tem- , 



perjure. perature was 7/°. The last monsoon proved most 



abundant, there having fallen as much as 44 inches 



Monsoon. altogether ; the greatest fall occurred in Septem- 



ber, when the pluviometer registered 18*30 inches. 



state of salubrity. Tlie cit ? has Stained the repute of being un- 

 healthy, which need not be wondered at, seeing 

 that a great portion of its buildings are below the level of the mar- 

 shy lands and tanks resting upon its northern wall, whilst venti- 

 lation is impeded by a profusion of rank vegetation, that the moist 

 condition of the earth gives rise to the porous nature of the amyg- 

 daloid rocks which upholds these marshes, allows a constant infiltra- 

 tion to go on, which escaping towards the city, keeps it in an un- 

 wholesome state of dampness ; this natural evil has also been aug- 

 mented by the heaps of ruined walls, choked up gardens, and broken 



