110 An Essay on Early Relations [No. 37, 



called Sumatra ; Antonio Eigafelta adverts to Zomotra and Sa~ 

 matra ; E-eland supposes the name to come from the appel- 

 lation of a high land called Sumadra, having some reference to 

 the body of an ant ; an etymology which Marsden rejects. He 

 says that the name is probably derived from the Sanscrit, 

 in the same way as other names, such as Indra-pzira, Indra- 

 giri, Singa-pura, Suka-pura, in Sumatra itself ; and maJiamerv, as 

 the name of a mountain in Java. He offers no precise etymo- 

 ly ; but adverts to Samndar {Dn-ara Samudra), afterwards Ei- 

 der the capital of a kingdom in the N. W. of India ; and notices 1 

 that the term Samudra Data occurs in the Hitopadesa, signifying 

 " ambassadors of the sea." Menawg Kabau was anciently the 

 principal sovereignty, once of the whole island, 2 Dupati Vusum is 

 given as the name of a village, 3 the mango fruit is mangga, and 

 mampallum ; jambu is the name of the rose apple ; the pine ap- 

 ple is termed nanas ; the custard apple siri ray a ; the water mc- 

 Ion samanha ; bllmbing is the name of the bilimbi fruit ; cham- 

 paha is the name of the flower michelia champaka. 4 The name 

 of the horse is' kuda, of the elephant gaja 5 ; the hippotamus is 

 Kuda-ayer, of the whale gajah-mina, of the swan angsa. 6 The 

 European factory is called gadong ; the name of camphor is kap- 

 ur-barus? Tens of thousands are termed lalzsa* certain names 

 are thus given : 9 



English. Malay. Achin. Batta. Regang. Lampong. 



Father, Bapa Ba (wife), Abu, Bapa, Eapah. 



Mother, Ma, Ma, Ammah, „ „ 



Head, Kapala, „ ., „ 



Sun, Mahtah hari. 



God, Daibattah. 

 Rice, Dahand. 



One mode of marriage in Sumatra is that termed jujur ; or pur- 

 chase of a wife, " among the laws of the Sumatrans, two positive 

 rules concerning sureties and interest appear to be taken word for 

 word from Indian legislators. As. Res., vol. 3 10 , p. 9, " the Re- 

 jangs use the word Deca to express a superior being 11 . The na- 

 il) Chap. 1. pp. 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. (2) ch. 2, p. 41. (3) cb. 3, p. 58. (4) ch. 5, pp. 

 99, 100, 102, 104. (6) ch. 6, pp. 115, 122, 126. (7) pp. 137, 149, (8) ch. 9, p. 192. (9). 

 ch. 9, p. 203. (10) ch. 12, p. 258, and note. (11) ch. 13, p. 290. 



