1850.] 



of Continental India, Sfc. 



113 



earth fall, which occasioned a deluge ; and to his occasional mov- 

 t p 336 ing, or shaking, the earth, they attribute 



earthquakes. The minister of B 'afar a guru.* 

 Suraya guru. 



Such is the evidence as carefully abstracted by me after a pe- 

 rusal of the whole volume. To any one in but a moderate degree 

 versed in Hindu matters, it is alone sufficient to bear out the de- 

 cisive conclusion, that the country and people wherein, and among 

 whom, these analogies occur, must either have been peopled from 

 India, or have had early relations, of a most strikingly kindred 

 character. As the conclusion cannot be equally evident to all, 

 and may not to mauy appear so convincing as to myself, it is re- 

 quisite, hazarding the possibility of tediousness, where the object 

 is truth, to go over these indications placing them in their proper 

 point of view. 



Samudra is the Sanscrit name for sea, adopted into other local 

 languages ; and used in Tamil almost as familiarly as its own pro- 

 per word &t—o) Kadal. I think its application, in comparatively 

 modern times, to the island must have had its origin in a mistake 

 of early navigators ; if the natives gave to them this name, then 

 those natives probably meant the sea girding the island, by a mu- 

 tual mistake, not uncommon in such cases of rude intercourse. 

 By the way I strongly conjecture that the " Soborma evidently 

 Borneo," after making allowance for Arabic orthography, is no- 

 thing else than Subrama by contraction from Subrahmanya the chief 

 deity in the south point of the peninsula ; and, if so, it may appear 

 in the sequel that emigration extended also to that island. The 

 words menanykahau and dupati (2 and 3) I w r ould bring together. 

 In Java I am certain, and in Sumatra I believe, that changes of 

 consonants have occurred as well as of vowels, usually of less con- 

 sequence. Hence dupati, is I think originally bhupati a familiar 

 Hindu term for a chief or ruler. If the transposition of B for D 

 be there allowable, it may be made conversely in Eabau, and then 

 Kadu {<$fr(B) is the very familiar Tamil term for a forest or wil- 

 derness ; the ang is a familiar Tamil increment and as to men it 

 may be taken variously in Tamil ; I do not hazard conjecture be- 

 cause not certain as to the system of orthography, or genuine pro- 

 nunciation : however I hesitate not to think it Tamil. The terms 



VOL. XVI. NO. XXXVII. ^ 



