1850.] Eastern Districts of the Soubah of Uydr abaci. 193 



and manners, and the object of their search, so perplexed and sur- 

 prised the simple peasants of Telinganah that their advent will be 

 long remembered. 



Bice. — This grain is most extensively cultivated in Telinganah, 

 the slovenly mode of its culture in the Sircar of Warungul has been 

 already dwelt upon, and as far as the districts to the southward 

 and eastward are concerned, similar carelessness and defective skill 

 are every where manifested, but in the Maiduck Sircar, and the 

 western parts of Elgundel, much greater labour and care are bes- 

 towed in raising the rice crops, double cropping is there also the 

 rule, whereas in the other districts it is the exception, it is not 

 only that the ploughings sometimes amounting to six or seven, are 

 more frequent and that the soil is more diligently worked up for 

 the reception of the seed, but the manuring is most carefully at- 

 tended to, and on every field side may be seen heaps of cowdung, 

 and throughout the adjacent jungle depots of leaves of all the more 

 common shrubs, collected for this purpose : as may be expected, the 

 average returns are much greater, varying as they do from thir- 

 ty to forty. Much of this superior industry may be ascribed in 

 Maiduck more especially to the village system existing in full ope- 

 ration, and to the cultivators possessing a real and not a nominal 

 head and referee. The Patell there exists in the plenitude of his 

 power and influence, and is not absent altogether, or shorn of all 

 legitimate property and authority, and degraded to a Spokesman 

 of his caste, as is the case to the eastward. He holds his village 

 direct from the Talooqdar, without an intermediate deshmookh to 

 rackrent it, nullify his authority, or cozen him of his dues ; his in- 

 terest and his sympathies are with his ryots, and he is thus bound 

 to them by a hundred ties. Many varieties of this grain are in 

 cultivation at Maiduck, the finer kinds more especially which are 

 grown for the Hydrabad market. It is said that they amount to 

 no less than two hundred, but many of these are doubtless mere- 

 ly fanciful, and it would be tedious as well as unprofitable to 

 enumerate them, or state the different properties, often whimsical 

 enough attached to each. Buffaloes are much used at Maiduck in 

 ploughing the rice fields, transplantation is in very general use, as 

 is also the employment of sprouted seed. 



Sugar. — This crop is also in a great measure confined to Mai- 

 duck, and the western Pergunnahs of the Elgundul Sircar, and the 



