1850, J Eastern Districts ofthe SoubaJi of Hydrahad. 229 



country, where there is traffic in grain, brass ware, coarse cottons, &c. 

 There is in each Sircar a larger gathering once a year, which attract 

 merchants from Masulipatam, Hydrabad, and Nagpore as at Bhud- 

 drachellum in Palooncha, Amulwarrah in Elgundel, at Maiduck and 

 at Warapilly in the Devarcondah Sircar; there is usually some shrine 

 of celebrity which gives occasion to these assemblages — in addition 

 to the goods found at the smaller fairs — there are cocoanuts, dried 

 fish, silks, &c» that are brought for sale. Bandies are the usual 

 means of conveyance for the western and southern of these districts, 

 but pad bullocks are more frequently employed than carts in Wa- 

 rungul and Kummum. The weights and measures are pretty much 

 the same throughout —and tables of these were given in my first re- 

 port, there is sometimes a difference in the number of pylees to 

 the udda or rather the consoo — most commonly it is four, but at 

 Sumtamoonyum in the Warungul Sircar it is as high as six pylees 

 to a consoo. 



The Halee Sicca Rupee is the current coin — but it is impossible 1 

 to exclude Rupees of an inferior value from passing in the districts 

 near Hydrabad, and the Company's Rupee passes current in the east- 

 ern Pergunnahs of Kummemmett — there are two or three kinds of 

 copper pice. I found at Mahdeopore old Madras copper coin pass- 

 ing for pice. In the foregoing pages no attempt has been made to 

 conceal the vices and short coinings of the Nizam's rule which, like 

 every other Mahomedan Government that has under its sway a popu- 

 lation chiefly of a different creed, bore at the very moment of its in- 

 stitution the fruitful seeds of decay. The polity of the Mussulman's 

 scarce bears. transplantation from the desert, even when its subjects 

 have adopted the faith of the Prophet ; much less will it bear engraft- 

 ing on the institutions of a foreign people of a different and hostile 

 creed. The appropriate type is that Pagod thing of sabre sway with 

 front of brass and feet of clay which the Assyrian King saw in his 

 dream. In fact, for Mussulman Conquerors, there are but two courses 

 to pursue ; either to act in strict conformity with the precepts of 

 the Koran and utterly root out and destroy the subjected infidel, or 

 In obedience to the better dictates of humanity and even of prudence 

 to spare the inhabitants of the subdued country, and overlay their 

 institutions with as much of the Mahomedan polity as they will bear, 

 thus defacing without absolutely destroying them. We see all this 

 in the country now under our view. The village system the very 

 groundwork of Hindoo society remains, and the Hindoo Deshmookb. 



