230 



Statistical Report on the Xorthern and [No. 38 r 



nominally stripped of much of his power is transformed into the Ze- 

 mindar, but with an hereditary authority and influence that can only 

 be destroyed byh is extirpation, and these are the elements that pre- 

 vent the whole state of society from being dissolved. The Zemindars, 

 with all their faults, are men of the same country and faith, as the 

 ryots, with common sympathies, and, as the wiser of them discern, with a 

 common interest. The reckless unprincipled Zemindar, who grinds 

 his villagers with unjust extortions, soon finds to his cost that his 

 domain becomes desolate, and that he is ruining himself, to profit a 

 neighbour or a rival. It is very certain that no emigration has 

 lately to any extent taken place from the Nizam's to the Company's 

 territory. Yet along the whole eastern frontier there is every faci- 

 lity for it, no river of any breadth, nor hill of any difficulty sepa- 

 rates the one territory from the other, and a kindred people occupy 

 each side of the line of demarkation. 



The Telinghee, too, is more migratory than most Hindoos. Telin- 

 ganah being one of the few Hindoo states that ever was maritime or 

 applied itself to foreign commerce. At the very time the Govern- 

 ment at Hydrabad is weak and ricketty the Zemindar has halcyon 

 days. He has power enough to collect his own dues and rents, to bribe 

 a corrupt Government, and set an imbecile one' at defiance. The 

 rascality and villainy of this class is the perpetual theme of Talooq- 

 dars and their Naibs who hate and fear them. Yet it is very cer- 

 tain that this very apprehension is most salutary and serves to avert 

 injustice and oppression from every class. 



In concluding this report an evil may be noticed which weighs far 

 more heavily on the defenceless population than any fiscal oppres- 

 sion, and that is the bands of foreign mercenaries. Arabs and Ko- 

 hillas, who having their head quarters at Hydrabad, issue forth, like 

 the Tondeurs and Ecocheurs of the middle ages, to plunder and des- 

 troy, with murder, rape and robbery in their train- This part of Te- 

 linganah has been less subjected to the depredations of these ruffians 

 than other parts of the Nizam's Country, but it has not altogether 

 escaped from their atrocities. 



Note. — I find I have omitted among the cultivated pulses two species of pi- 

 sum the common field pea, and another kind called Lakh — both these are grown 

 at Maiduck, and also the Carthamus or bastard saffron. In the table of Im- 

 ports alum has been omitted and in that of exports wax. 



Wages are much the same all over the country and are according to the rates 

 given in my first report. 



