1849.] 



Circar of Warungul. 



221 



colour. This variety may be seen in tlie bed of the tank at Nag- 

 warum. 



4th. Quartz, felspar, horneblende, and mica — sought by the 

 natives to make their hand-mills — ^lime crushers, on account of its 

 toughness. These constitute the chief varieties. 



Gneiss often difficult to distinguish this from the pre- 



ceding, but its stratification, when it occupies a position 

 in the gorges of hills, cannot be mistaken — this happens at the Iron 

 Hill, twelve miles to the west of Warungul, where it passes into 

 horneblende schist — and, from its broken and dislocated appear- 

 ance, must have been subjected to some disturbing cause — it is 

 usually of horneblende and felspar, with some quartz. The oxyge- 

 nated iron ore occurs in this formation — ^the horneblende first 

 gives place to the iron ore — gradually the other minerals dis- 

 appear, leaving the iron stone a nearly homogeneous mineral but 

 still preserving the layer-like form of the parent rock. 



The sandstone occupies the extreme east and north-east of the 

 Circar meeting with the granite a half mile on the "Warungul side 

 of the Pakhall lake, of which it forms the basin. At Bagartepett, 

 on the road from Hunnumcondah to Mahdapore, there is a band of 

 argillaceous limestone, of the breadth of three miles, intervening 

 between the granite and the sandstone, much disturbed at its con- 

 tact with the former, and probably underlying the latter, to a 

 wide extent, as it appears again in that position in the Godavery 

 river to the north ; and it would seem to be a process sent down 

 from the sandstone of that locality, possessing the lithologic cha- 

 racters of that formation as described by Yoysey. The Coorwah 

 talooka of the Pakhall pergunnah is a congeries of sandstone hiUs 

 covered with wood. The low undulating hills of this formation 

 contrast strongly with the abrupt peaks and rugged summits of 

 the neighbouring granite. 



The gi-eenstone veins penetrating the sienite are found in this 

 district, but not of the breadth or extent of those in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Hyderabad — so much so, that there is reason for be- 

 lie-^ing, on the testimony of the natives, that the stone used for 

 the ornamented pillars and cornices scattered so profusely over 

 the ruins of Warungul, was not quarried in the neighbourhood 

 but brought from some distance. The only mineral I observed in 

 the greenstone was a greenish felspar — crystallized. Mortars are 



I 



