1849.] 



Circar of Warungul. 



are a small hardy race of a white colour, the tips of the tail being 

 black. The cows calve at the beginning of the rains ; if the 

 calf be male it is allowed the whole of its mother's milk, but 

 if female the parent cow is milked to about half a seer, or about 

 the half — a seer a day being the average quantity given by a single 

 cow, although a seer and a half may sometimes be obtained. In the 

 hot season herds of this breed of cattle collect from this and the 

 neighbouring Circars at the Pakhall lake on account of the abund- 

 ance of grass there. Several of the instincts and dispositions of 

 the wild animal, dormant rather than extinct in the domesticated 

 state, show themselves ; they keep together for mutual defence, rush 

 from pasture to pastiu-e in a body, and at night time each herd forms 

 itself into a square, to keep off tigers, which seldom venture to as- 

 sail the body when so prepared, but are obliged to content them- 

 selves with the waif and stray. The proprietors of the several 

 herds, chiefly zemindars, pay a rent of ten rupees a season to the 

 deshmookh of Pakhall for each. 



At two years of age the males are gelt by breaking down the 

 testicle or destropng the cord by a sharp piece of bamboo mn 

 through and through. This cruel operation seldom proves fatal. 

 From twenty to twentj^-four rupees is esteemed a fair price for a 

 pair of these bullocks. The cows after giving four or five calves are 

 sold to butchers, who come from Hyderabad or reside in the larger 

 villages, for three or four rupees. One draught bullock of this kind 

 measured in height 4 feet 2 inches, length of back from between 

 the horns to the root of the tail 6 feet ; another measured in height 

 3 feet 9 inches, leng-th of back 5|. 



At Muncherla, in the Havalee pergunna, Feraputty, and at Tel- 

 lunda, a village in the jagheer of the killadar of Warungul, there is 

 a breed of bullocks very much resembling the Berar. The Telin- 

 gana bullocks are used chiefly by the cultivators, the Benjarees 

 buy them occasionally, but prefer the Berar bullocks as stronger. 



The goat and sheep present no very striking peculiarity, their 

 price varies from twelve annas to a rupee ; two kids are common, 

 but lambs come usually single. 



The buffaloe is of a very inferior kind, yielding two or three 

 seers of milk a day only, price varying from 5 to 10 rupees ; they 

 are sometimes used for draught ; the buffaloe calves in autumn. 



A disease similar to cholera in some of its symptoms attacks 



