1849.] Statistics of the Ctrcar of Doivluiahad. 529 



354, females 338. Ralegaon ; bunniah shops 7, knlclia houses 108, 

 males 295, females 266. Chicholee ; bunniah shops 15, pucha houses 

 5, kutcha houses 101, males 245, females 333. 



Hoads and Communications . 

 From the variable nature of the face of the country the roads 

 throughout the Circar are proportionately difficult for communication, 

 though generally speaking they are pretty good, or might readily be 

 made so^ water seldom hanging, and the materials for metalling being 

 close upon the surface ; the greatest inconveniences are the occasion- 

 al beds of black soil found in the lower levels, which render the 

 roads impassable in the rains where they occur, and also the sides of 

 the nullahs in the same localities, having banks of soft alluvial earth 

 rendering in such cases even passage for bullocks a difficult matter; 

 however towards the hills, a rocky shallow soil prevails, on which 

 carts may travel the whole year round. If the hill be hugged too 

 closely, deep nullahs occasionally obstruct the road, but this incon- 

 venieiice is easy of remedy at trifling cost, by sloping in and oat, 

 and paving the centre, with stones sufficiently large, to withstand the 

 impetuosity of the hill streams. 



The passes by which the higher plateau towards 

 the north are gained, are through the Chowk ghat, a 

 steep and rocky ascent passable for carts, leading to Phoolmurree. 

 The Gunnooree ghat, passable for carts, and a winding stony and 

 steep road up the side of the hill, leading to Gunnooree. The 

 Dowlutabad ghat, a broad ascent of nearly half a mile, sufficiently 

 easy until near the summit, when it becomes very steep ; passable for 

 carts, but not very generally used. Besides these there are two or 

 three bridle roads, and footpaths, as well as another ghat at Elloora. 



Upon the north-west there are four passes in what is called the 

 Adjuntah, or Sat Malla range, all passable for carriages. These are 

 the Adjuntah ghat not within the Circar. The Gowtala ghat, lately 

 made passable for wheel carriages : the ascent though difficult for 

 traffic, is easily managed with light loads, and has been much used 

 since the repairs, that lately have been made. It may be kept in its 

 present state, at no great cost, and is of great convenience. 



The Purdaree ghat is a made one, and has a good and easy ascent 

 for leaded cattle. 



