1849.] Statistics of the Circar of Doivluiahad. 



We see from tliis analytical summary, that the bulk of the people 

 is composed of Shoodrahs, nearly to the extent of three-fourths of the 

 v/liole ; and that upwards of two-thirds of this useful class, are to he 

 found engaged in cultivating the soil. The Koonbees number ^o^Qlb^ 

 which in a population of 1,54,767, allowing five persons to a family, 

 gives 1,667 per cent, of the people engaged in agriculture. It is to 

 be understood that this calculation does not include the city of Au- 

 rungabad. 



The Brahmans do not appear to be a large class, not numbering 

 above one in twenty persons. The Rajpoots or Purdaisees are about 

 one in fifty, and are principally the descendants of the troops enter- 

 tained and settled in the country by x\urungzeebe. The low castes are 

 met with in the proportions of something less than one in nine. Of 

 these the Mhars or Dhers, are a very numerous body, forming two- 

 thirds of the whole number. Bheels about one in twenty. These 

 wild people are found principally in the western parts of the Oircar, 

 where they act as village guards. The Mangs, who are also em- 

 ployed at many places in the same capacity, are nearly of the same 

 strength, being about one in seventeen. 



The habits of the people are disposed to peacefulness, and they 

 are sober, frugal, long suffering, and intelligent ; the Koonbees for 

 many centuries have followed the great business of life, the tillage 

 of the soil, with infinite skill and industry. Amongst each other 

 they are reported to be sincere and honest, but where the reverse 

 occurs, it will generally be found to arise from their taking refuge in 

 finesse, the only weapon the weak possesses against the strong, this 

 system of dissimulation is more one of necessity than choice ; that it 

 exists there is little doubt of, but much is to be conceded in favor of 

 people so circumstanced, as we find the poor ryots, whose extreme 

 poverty has plunged them into irretrievable embarrassments, reiider- 

 ing them apathetic, and heedless for the future. 



Education, such as it is, may be stated as being' 



Education. ^ ' 'J o 



exclusively confined to the Brahmans, shopkeepers, 

 soucars, and upper classes of Mahomedans. Sixty schools, at whicii 

 813 pupils receive instruction, are in no way proportionate to the 

 amount of population, the general illiterateness of which, may be best 

 understood by the fact, that there are only found 3,627 persons able 

 to read and write, or t\Y0 and a half per cent, of the entire populatic n, 



