534 



Slatislics of I he Circar of Doivlulahad. [No. Zi\, 



exclusive of the city of Aurungabacl. The amount of education em- 

 braces just such a sufficient knowledge of reading, writing, and arith- 

 metic, as suffices for carrying on ordinary business in the bazars. 

 The rudiments of which are first mastered by writing with a stile 

 upon a board sprinkled with sand, or brick dust, and afterwards by 

 writing with a fluid of pipe-clay and water, on a painted board. The 

 language spoken throughout the Circar is Mahratta. 

 p^jj^^ In each purgunnah, the office of Cazi is hereditary, a 



custom, which causes many instances of the duties 

 being exercised by inefficient persons. 



The real police of the country are in fact the Jaglias, whose duty 

 it is to trace robbers any where within their own precincts, beyond 

 which, the responsibility falls upon the Jaglia of the next village. 

 These persons are supported by Imks and russooms, and are taken 

 from the Mangs, Bheels, or even Dhers, as the case may be. The 

 Purdaisee villages, that is, the Zemindars of which are Rajpoots, 

 have no native Jaglias but depend on their own arrangements for 

 police protection. Dacoity, and large gang robberies are put down by 

 Seebundee troops under the Talookdar, assisted by the village Jag- 

 lias. 



The passes through the ghats bordering Kandesh, are guarded by 

 Chowkedars, acting under the orders of the officer commandiii'j- 

 the hill rangers, and supported by detachmenfs of regular troop-j 

 from Aurungabad and Booldanah. 



The whole system of police appears of a very unsatisfactory na- 

 ture, being apparently guided more by arbitrary principles, than any 

 thing recognized or fixed, whilst the ordinary practice of the Adau- 

 luths in criminal law, is very dilatory. 



The Zillah Umeen is the head of the civil and criminal courts, 

 both in the city and districts. In the latter the common cases are 

 generally disposed of by the Aumil, who submits the matter to his 

 superior farming the revenue, for summary decision, or a still further 

 reference to the Zillah Umeen. 



Punchayets are taken advantage of by Mussulmans as well as 

 Hindoos, in special cases, where arbitrations are involved, tlie con- 

 tending parties before the court sits binding themselves slriclly lo 

 abid'e? by the award. 



