1844.] of the Syrian Christians and Jews of Malabar. II 



with) the sword the sovereign merchantship, the right of 

 proclamation, the privilege of having forerunners, the five 9 

 musical instruments, the conch, the light (or torch burning) 

 by day, the spreading cloth, litter, Royal umbrella, Vaduca 

 drum (drum of the Telugu's or of Bhairava?) the gateway 10 

 with seats and ornamental arches, and the sovereign mer-P L li. 

 chantship over the four classes (or streets) — also the oilmakers 

 and the five kinds of artificers we have subjected to him (or 

 given as slaves to him) — We have given as eternal (liter- 2 

 ally " water" — ) possession to Iravi Corttan the lord of the 

 town, the brokerage and due customs of all that may be mea- 

 sured by the para, weighed by the balance, stretched by 3 

 the line, of all that may be counted or carried, contained 

 within salt, sugar, musk, and lamp oil, or whatever it be — 4 

 • namely within the river-mouth of Codungalur and the 5 

 tower, or between the four Talis (temples of the deputy Brah- 6 

 mans) and the Gramams belonging to them— We have 7 

 given it by an unreserved tenure to Iravi Corttan Grand 8 

 Merchant of the Cheraman world and to his sons and son's 

 sons in proper successsion. 



Witnesses are: — 



With the knowledge of tlae two, 9 

 Brahman divisions of Panniyur and Chowaram village have 

 we given it ; with the knowledge of the Yenadu and 10 

 | Odunadu (rulers) have we given it ; with the knowledge of 

 the Eranadu and Valluwa nadu (rulers) have we given it ; 

 given for the time that sun and moon shall last; with 11 

 the knowledge of the above, written by Nambi Chadayan 12 

 grand goldsmsth of the Cheraman world. 



Remarks. 



1. The term Chacravarti I take for a translation 

 of the common Malayalam appellation, Perumal (grand per- 



