.] of the Syrian Christians and Jews of Malabar. 139 



chief to the rest of the Cities in which there are Synagogues and 

 Jewish inhabitants" without any attention to the structure of the 

 sentence. But the sentence is difficult on account of Ihe (antiquated) 

 double aru, which I take for " time, term," of Beschi's .jy^&j/fl "tax 

 paid at fixed times," and the derivative dru y used in Malayalam and 

 Canarese for " when." From a comparison of this and the first Do- 

 cument it appears, that the residence of the Jewish and Christian 

 chieftains was not in the little principality given to them, but that 

 they remained in the Metropolis, as the seat of commerce. The 

 Jewish translation may give confirmation to the tradition that there 

 were Jews and Synagogues in many cities, and that naturally enough 

 their naturalized Emir had jurisdiction over the whole nation, which 

 he represented in the system of Government then established. 



(Given) to Joseph Rabban the owner of Anjuwannam, 

 and to his posterity , sons and daughter s 5 nephews and sons-in- 

 law r^npnn a hereditary appendage — for the time that earth 

 and moon exist — Anjuwannam a hereditary appendage — 

 Sri. 



N B. Fracriti " what is natural, essential to." I take it for 

 synonymous with jenmam, which also fir^t signifies " birth" then in 

 Malayalam " hereditary property." Different is the use of pracriti 

 in II. a. The Jews translate it here with. o»p " standing" 



Thus do I know Govardhana Marttandan, owner of 

 Venadu (or Travancore, p«D» pavinn-n'Y) Thus do I know 

 Kotei Sri Candan, owner of the Venavali province Vajn 

 (WimDTtfcunn^ perhaps Bembali, wherein now Cottayam, 

 — may it not be the older name of Odunadu I. pi. ii. 10.) 



N. B. These are the two Southern vassals, 



Thus do I know, Mana Vepala Mana Viyan, owner of 

 Erala province (puiswD^iK^vn) the name of the Tamutiri, 

 changed by the Jewish version according to the current tradi- 

 tion into Mana Vicrama, vulgo Mana Vikkiran) ; thus do I 



