50 



ON THE NAMES OF 



gives UreiyuT) and Professor Lassen's Wadiur. Pattukottai, 

 and-pattu perhaps represent the ancient "Bata?" of Ynlo's 

 map ; patti is very frequent also in the same neighbourhood. 

 Arrankarai (pronounced now-a-days Atrankarai) at the mouth 

 of the Vaigai looks very like the ancient " Argari," and " Sinus 



Ary aliens " (Yule), the Argaric Gulf. 



Ptolemy has (' kyx^poviroXis) which 

 may have been the " city of the Anai- 

 Jcarai," the causeway (Adam's bridge). 



Kurla or Koralai-gorla, &c, on the 

 East Coast may represent the ancient 

 Korula. There is " GV^palem" near 

 Nizampattanam (cf. Vinyorla, South 

 Conkan, Malabar Coast). 

 A marginal list is given. 



V. — Natural Productions. 



The vegetable kingdom is well represented by the following, 

 some of which recall the tree-worshipping propensities of the 

 followers of the Buddha : — 



(1.) Al banj^an, arasu pipal, atti fig, avarai, avuri indigo, 

 elumichai lemon, icham date, ilavam, illupai, 

 inji ginger, kachan, karumbu sugarcane, 

 kattiri eggplant, ma mango, manjal turmeric, naval, nel rice, 

 nunna, palai, panai palmyra, parutti cotton plant, pirambu cane, 

 puli tamarind, tamarai lotus, tennai cocoanut, tolasi tulsi, 

 tuvarai lentil, vanni, velam thorn, vembu nim-tree, vila cratseva- 

 religiosa, vilvam Bel, Bael. 



(2.) The animal kingdom is but scantily represented; but in 

 the populous and cultivated delta there is no 

 room or encouragement for any wild animals. 

 The only wild animals commonly noticed are monkeys, mongoose, 

 rats, jackals, and lizards; these, with a few birds and snakes, 

 nearly complete the existing fauna, except the spotted deer and 

 antelope, only found near Point Calimere on the coast. The 

 following were, however, found in the place-names :-— 



Ancient. Modem. 



Orthura. Orattur. 

 Batae. Pattu or Patti. 



Argari. Arrankarai. 

 Korula. (Several). 

 Arembur. Arambaur. 

 Saburas. Savor. 

 Abur. Avur. 



( Tillai. 

 Thellyr. Thalur. 



( Tellur several. 



rp , ( Tellar. 



laiara. | Tillarampattu. 



