172 



'iLM-I-TAJWID. 



3. denotes that a Kufa Ruku' or 'Ashr yLc) 

 ended here : sometimes is written on the margin. 



4. denotes that five Kufa verses u~+*-) ended here : 

 sometimes <j~*^ is written on the margin. 



5. s-^ shows the end of a Basra verse. 



6. shows the ending of a verse according to the Qaris 

 of any other city than Basra. 



The terms a Basra Ruku', five Kufa verses, &c. refer to the 

 divisions made by the Qaris of Kufa or Basra. It is 

 owing to this difference that the number of versed said to be 

 in the Quran varies. The Kufa Qaris, following the 

 (reading) of Imam 'Asim, reckon 6,239 verses ; the Basra 

 Qaris make out 6,204 ; the Qaris of Sham (Syria) 6,225 ; 

 the Meccan verses are 6,219 ; the Madma verses are 6,211. 

 As Muslims when quoting from the Quran — if they give any 

 reference to the portion from whence the extract is taken — 

 name the Juz and the Buku\ not the sura and verse, it is 

 necessary that the former should be marked in the margin. 

 A juz is one-thirtieth part of the whole. Each juz has a 

 distinct name, the first word of each portion serving for that 

 purpose. 



The term ruku 9 literally means a prostration. The collec- 

 tion of verses recited from the Quran, ascriptions of praise 

 offered to Grod, and various ritual acts connected with these, 

 constitute one act of worship called a rak'at. After reciting 

 some verses in a rak'at, 1 the worshipper makes a ruku' or pros- 

 tration. The portion recited is then called a ruku'. Practically 

 it is a division, averaging about ten verses. The sign of it is £ 

 written in the margin. Frequently it occurs with as many as 

 r 



three figures, thus £ \ The r (3) on the top shows that this 



A 



is the third ruku 9 from the commencement of the Sura in which 



There are several rak'ats in a Namaz. 



