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SCARECROW SAIL PLAN. 



THE FIN-KEEL SCARECROW. 



The little fin-keel which was first described in the Forest and Stream 

 of Nov. 24, 1892, has proved by far the most popular design which we 

 have ever published, and a number of boats were built last year and 

 have given general satisfaction to their owners. Beside the original 

 Scarecrow for Mr. C. J. Stevens, Mr. Ayers, then at Bay Ridge but 

 since then' located at Nyack, New York, built two of the 18ft size and 

 two 15ft. of a slightly different model, also from a design by Mr. W. P 

 Stephens, designer of the original; the St. Lawrence Skiff, Canoe and 

 Steam Launch Co. of Clayton, built eight in all, of both sizes, one of 

 the smaller size forming a conspicuous feature of the Company s ex- 

 hibit at Chicago; while a number were built by amateurs. Most of 

 them were intended for cruising and general sailing only, but in Eng- 

 land the design was reduced to 16ft. l.w.l. to make 0 5 rating, by Mr. 

 Wm J Hodge, the builder, of Dartmouth, and a very light and hand- 

 some little racer was built from the lines for Capt. Henry E Bayly 

 and Mr G. A. Passingham ; Picaroon, as she was Darned, making a 

 very good record in her class about Plymouth and Dartmouth. 



Various arrangements of fins and heavy boards, and several rigs, 

 have been tried on the different boats; but the sail plan and fin origm- 

 allv designed by Mr. Stevens is to all appearances the best combination 

 for speed, and we illustrate them in preference to any others. As 

 stated when the design was originally published, the peculiar sail plan 

 was designed by Mr. C. J. Stevens after a long experience in canoeing, 

 and the design for the hull to fit this plan was made by Mr. W. P. 

 Stephens, while various details of the boat were worked out m com- 



P ^The end in view was a fairly fast boat under a moderate sail plan, to 

 carry two men and all cruising duffle, or to carry four or five persons 

 in ordinary sailing, the boat to be used about New York for short 

 cruises and day sailing. This purpose she has fulfilled admirably dur- 

 ing the past year, being in constant use about the Lower Bay, her 

 anchorage being at the New York C. C. station, off Bensonhurst, and 

 at times making runs through the Gate and into the Sound as far as 

 Norwalk and Oyster Bay. With a crew of two, three or four, she has 

 proved fast, able and comfortable, while easily handled by one man. 

 The sail area, just over 300sq. ft., has proved about right for such 

 work- but for racing the boat will easily carry some 50ft. more. 



In the case of some boats built from the design a mistake has been 

 made as to their power and intended use, and they have been over- 

 canvassed and overcrowded, as though they were Cape cats in dimen- 

 sions- as much as 450sq. ft. being disposed of in mainsail and jib, while 

 the ballast and live weight have put the centerboard trunk fairly under 

 water flooding the cockpit. It is hardly necessary to say that when 

 abused in this way the design has not proved a success; but to all those 

 who understand the capabilities of a model, and who desire a boat for 

 sruising, afternoon sailing or even racing in certain classes, the Scare- 



crow can hardly be improved upon, so far as general excellence at a 

 moderate cost is concerned. 



The lines here given appeared with the first description of the boat, 

 on Nov. 24, 1892, but as this number has been for some time out of 

 print, while the demand for it continues, we are obliged to republish 

 them, reserving until next week the construction drawings and de- 

 scription of fin and method of building. The hull itself is closely 

 allied to many light draft designs before published, and is equally well 

 adapted for a common centerboard and a small amount of inside 

 ballast, instead of the fin; the sail plan of course being reduced in 

 proportion. One of the 18ft. size built by Mr. Ayers, had instead of 

 the fin a heavy centerboard, of OOOlbs., carrying a yawl rig of 318ft.: 

 178 in main, 75 in jib and 65 in mizen. Another had a plate board of 

 about 1751bs., with a yawl ' rig of 290ft., but with some 5001bs. of lead 

 cast to fit inside. The smaller size, 15ft. 4J^in. l.w.l., would answer 

 well with a plate of lOOlbs., and 175sq. ft. of sail, a moderate amount 

 of inside ballast being required when sailing alone, the weight being 

 made up at other times by extra passengers or cruising equipment. 



The interior of the hull may be divided to suit the taste and uses of 

 the owner, but the arrangement shown, of a watertight and self-drain- 

 ing well, has proved very satisfactory, while the tight bulkheads are 

 essential to safety in a ballasted boat. For some purposes the water- 

 tight floor may be dispensed with, the ordinary floor boards on the ribs 

 being used, giving a greater depth inside and more room for stowage, 

 and for accommodating the largest possible number in afternoon sail- 

 ing and smooth water this arrangement will be the best, provided the 

 centerboard trunk is built higher, as the hull will easily bear an extra 

 immersion under such circumstances that would submerge the low 

 trunk shown in the drawings. 



In the original Scarecrow the well is narrower than here shown, but 

 2ft. 9in., but of the same length and oval at the ends. A deck hatch is 

 placed just forward and another just aft of the well, giving access to 

 each compartment, the hatches being made flush, to match the deck 

 planking. In the construction plan a different and better arrange- 

 ment will be shown, the bent oak coaming extending sufficiently far 

 over the deck, both forward and aft, to admit of the hatches being 

 placed within it, where they are better protected from spray, while 

 they do not mar the appearance of the bright deck. 



The original design, of 18ft. l.w.l., was made to a scale of lj^in. to 

 the foot, but as a smaller boat may be equally well built from the 

 same lines, all dimensions were taken off, including the second table 

 of offsets, with a scale of l^in. to the foot, an odd division, but which 

 gave a very good size, a littie over 15fc. l.w.l. We may explain again 

 here, in answer to a question that is frequently asked concerning the 

 drawings in the Forest and Stream, that the original designs, usually 

 from 24 to 42in. long, and on various scales, J^in., %in., lin., l^in. or 2in., 

 are each reduced by photography to make the largest possible repro- 

 duction that our page will admit of, 14in. extreme length, In nearly 



every case this involves an odd scale, and the usual fractional scales of 

 the draftsman will not fit; but as the proper scale for the drawing is 

 given with it, this is of little moment, and in addition, we endeavor to 

 give all dimensions so fully that there is little need of measuring the 

 drawings. 



At the same time, any desired scale may be used on the reduced 

 drawing as published; for instance, a scale of J^in. applied to the 

 present design as printed will give a length of 27ft. lOin. over all, 20ft. 

 l.w.l. and 6ft. lj^in. beam, while a scale of %in. would give a waterline 

 of but 13ft. 6in. The design is capable of expansion or reduction to 

 any size within the limits of 20 or 21ft. l.w.l. down to 12ft., and by the 

 use of the scales mentioned, or of special scales made by dividing the 

 waterline in any desired number of parts, a boat of any size may be 

 built from it. The tables of offsets are for the two sizes, 18ft. and 

 15ft. 4^in., but similar tables may be taken off from the body plan on 

 the appropriate scale for the desired size of boat. 



The dimensions and elements are as follows: 



DIMENSIONS AND ELEMENTS. 



(The small figures indicate eighths of an inch.) 



15ft. 4^in. l.w.l. 18ft. l.w.l. 



FT. IN. , FT. IN. 



Length over all 21 4 6 25 



L.W.L 15 4* 18 



Overhang, bow 2 l 6 2 6 



stern 2 10* 4 6 



Beam, extreme 4 8 6 5 6 



L.W.L 4 33 5 



Freeboard, least 10 3 



Sheer, bow H 1 11 



stern & 5 



Draft, without board or fin 7 5 9 



Round of deck 4^ 5 



Displacement, pounds 1150 1833 



per inch immersion, pounds 256 342 



Area, midship section, sq. ft 2.07 2.80 



lateral plane 7.37 10.00 



L.W.L. plane 47.33 64.26 



Fore end of L.W.L. to- 

 midship section 9.00 10.50 



C.B 8.35 9.72 



C.L.R 7.80 9.09 



The fin of Scarecrow is of %in. Tobin bronze plate, the actual weight 

 being 2471bs., while the estimated weight of the lead bulb is 4001bs. To 

 these weights must be added 121bs., the weight of a flanged casting 

 bolted to the upper side of the fin to support it in the trunk, a total of 

 6601bs. The slot was made the full length of the well, as a matter of 



