mid Kunnundaven Mountains, 



285 



left, and Cunnavoymulla, a detached bill on the right. Here it gently 

 assumes a northerly course through jungle, with several windings, 

 flows half a mile west of Balsummoodrum, and passing on,, receives the 

 Wurretar on its right, and unites with the Perundelar W. N. W., two 

 miles of the temple of Pulney. This confluence is considered sacred, 

 and is called Shunmogen (literally six faces), by which appellation it 

 is known in its course north. From its source it runs a course of twen- 

 ty miles in a general N. N. W. direction, and, fed by mountain torrents 

 on either bank, on quitting the mountains swells to a respectable river 

 about one hundred yards wide with a deep bed. Across it is a dam 

 one and a half mile S. W. of Balsummoodrum. 



The Porundcl river rises in the northern slopes of the southern 

 summit of these mountains, in the open vale of Chummutancuvvay, 

 winds gradually down it four miles, receives a powerful stream on the 

 right, and below this confluence the road from Poomburra passes it 

 to Vilputty ; then confined winds three quarter of a mile to the N. W. 

 and turns sharp to the N. E. and N., and, confined by lofty precipices, 

 dashes down in a series of cataracts for four miles. On the right it 

 receives the combined waters of the Pallunkye valley ; ! these, pouring 

 down in a confined cataract, give the river a N. W. course for a mile. 

 On its left bank it receives the. Poomburra stream, rushing down 

 the slopes of Kowdamulla, flowing west of Poomburra, and receiving 

 in its course the rivulets from the Kolatamulla hills. Thence 

 it rapidly pursues its course along a succession of wooded 

 valleys, and down several cataracts, until after a course of twenty-four 

 miles it finally joins the Palar. From this stream several canals are 

 conducted for the irrigation of several large tracts of land. It is 

 known by seven names in different .portions of its course ; first, it is 

 called the Koondur, which name it retains for several miles; after- 

 wards the Ulular, and lastly, when it reaches the plains, the Porun- 

 dalar.* 



The Munnul or Putchar has its sources in the Oolurunkuvvay and 

 Kellaven heights, forming the northern slopes of the hills, and pur- 

 sues a north-easterly course down a series of steep descents, and 

 through wooded valleys, in the progress of which it is joined by seve- 

 ral smaller streams, and, finally, after a run of thirteen miles, falls 



* As in the pages of this Journal it can scarcely be necessary to follow the minute 

 details which the author has thought desirable for the illustration of his map, and as 

 enough of these have been given to show how minutely he examined the courses of 

 insignificant streams, I propose greatly abridging the remaining portion of this sectioa 

 of his Memoir. 



