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Appendices to Fifth Annual Report 



so all the points become pinkish, and the liquid parts of gelatine are also 

 pink. Under a low magnifying power the usual appearance is seen of 

 rounded bodies, with well-defined margins and dark granular contents ; 

 and, in the case of the liquefying points, a double outline. 



Tube Cultivations. — A delicate greyish film at first makes its appear- 

 ance around point of inoculation, which soon develops a pinkish hue. 

 Along needle track very little growth takes place. The pinkish film 

 spreads rapidly over the surface, beneath which liquefaction very soon 

 occurs. The further progress corresponds to that of the yellow torula, 

 except that, in this torula, the surface film speedily sinks into the liquid 

 gelatine, forming a salmon-coloured sediment, and leaving the supernatant 

 liquid opalescent for a considerable time. 



Bread Paste Cultivation. — A faint pinkish spot makes its appearance 

 around the point of inoculation on the first day. Growth makes rapid pro- 

 gress, and soon covers the whole surface of bread paste. The colour varies 

 greatly. At first it has a pale pinkish appearance, as it spreads over the 

 surface it often has a mottled look, from small whitish projections of 

 bread paste which have not become entirely covered by the growth. It 

 very frequently assumes somewhat of a salmon-colour. After a time the 

 colour becomes darker and of a reddish brown. Later on, irregular 

 ridges and furrows appear on the surface, giving it a 1 wormy ' appear- 

 ance. This results from the drying up of the growth and bread paste. 

 The colour now is usually a dark mahogany, and gives one the idea that 

 a process of charring has been going on over the surface of the bread 

 paste. 



Microscopically. — Torulse varying in size from 2*5 jx to 12 fx in 

 length, and from 1 *5 /x to 9 fx in breadth. They vary also in shape, some 

 being ovoid, others fusiform, and others cylindrical. They show active 

 growth and development, very many having buds in various stages of 

 growth. The protoplasm of many of them appears very vesicular, many 

 contained numerous granules. Although presenting such varieties in 

 shape, by far the majority are elongated, and the length is much more 

 variable than the diameter. The average length may be stated at 4 fx 

 to 5*5 jx, though some, as already stated, are 10/x or even 12 fx. The 

 average diameter is about 1*5 fx, very few measuring more than 2 fx. We 

 cannot find any description of a similar torula in books. 



13. Yellow Torula. — Mill-stream, Melrose. 



Plate Cultivation. — Growths appear on third day in form of small 

 greyish points, which rapidly liquefy the gelatine, giving it a distinct 

 yellow colour. Under a low magnifying power, the individual points are 

 seen to have the usual rounded appearance, with well-defined margins, 

 and dark granular-looking contents. Those with commencing lique- 

 faction of surrounding gelatine present a double outline. 



Tube Cultivation. — Around point of inoculation on surface of jelly, a 

 canary -yellow film is seen the first day. This film rapidly spreads itself 

 over a considerable portion of the surface of the jelly. Simultaneously 

 with this surface growth, liquefaction takes place in the subjacent jelly, 

 and extends downwards along needle-track, forming at first a more or less 

 conical bag with the apex downwards. Into this liquid portion particles 

 from the surface growth subside, forming a yellow deposit at the bottom, 

 and giving rise to an opalescent appearance of the liquid jelly. The 

 yellow film continues to float on the surface for a considerable time, but 

 ultimately it sinks to the bottom. As a rule, liquefaction does not 

 extend beyond the extremity of needle track; in many cases it only 



