SANITARY MEASURES. 



75 



a stiff froth, then the yolk rapidly stirred into it, the beat- 

 ing to be continued all the while. Thereupon 80 grs. of 

 sugar and 140 grs. of " Maizena " (fine American Maize- 

 flour) are sifted into it ; the whole is then poured into a tin 

 mould, which has been well smeared with butter and strewn 

 over w T ith rusk, and then baked three-quarters to one hour 

 in a rather fiercely-heated oven. (Brandner.) 



Drinking-water. — As a rule, fresh water is given twice 

 a day, which, however, must, during the cold weather, have 

 been kept in a can covered with paper and placed in a 

 heated room for some hours, Where the drinking-vessels 

 and bathing-troughs, previously described, are in use, it 

 should not be omitted to renew the water immediately after 

 the bath, and to cover the bathing-trough. 



"Warmth. — Hartz-canaries of the finest breeds are bred 

 in a very high temperature, and this is especially the case 

 at St. Andreasberg. The breeding establishments there are 

 kept up to 68-70 degrees, Fahrenheit ; and during breeding 

 time, the warmth is often increased to 81 degrees, and in 

 the moulting season it is kept, at least, to the same heat, 

 and is afterwards gradually diminished to 65 degrees. 



It will be well to accustom the birds to the ordinary 

 temperature of rooms, for even the most delicate songster 

 will best thrive in it. At moulting-time the temperature 

 should, however, be kept somewhat higher, but if the room 

 is too hot, the moulting will begin too early, and often in- 

 terrupts the progress of the breeding ; the birds will also 

 suffer too much through the premature change of feathers. 

 In the breeding-rooms for German canaries an average 

 warmth of 15 degrees will be sufficient. 



Sanitary Measures.— Besides the food, the birds 

 should always be given some lime, mortar from old walls, 

 because of the salt in it, Sepia-shell (see page 74), or some 



