214 British Antarctic Expedition. 
that they were at times seen unable to move, and 
much resembled a small bag standing on the ground ; 
and the food acted both as nourishment and as a 
necessary ballast during the heavy gales, when, 
however, very many of the young ones perished. 
The young penguins were most of them now large, 
grey and downy ; though some were still in the egg. 
When the mother penguin feeds the young one, the 
latter puts the whole of its head into the beak of its 
parent and stuffs its beak right into the mother's 
throat, which, by a shaking movement, brings the 
food up. It was curious to see when a gale suddenly 
surprised the colony. Ordinarily the penguins sat 
upright, or lay on their nests with their heads in 
different directions, but immediately a gale began 
to blow they all laid down with their beaks towards 
S.E., from which direction we had the strongest 
gales. They looked like soldiers bivouacking on a 
battle-field. How well they must be able to main- 
tain the necessary heat for the eggs. This change 
їй thei. ways was a relie £o our eyes, as the 
sameness, the want of vegetation, the lack of 
distractions told heavily upon all minds, and the very 
least change from the ordinary routine of that limited 
life “which surrounded us at once acted as an 
entertainment. When the young penguins were 
about half grown they were strange to see, half 
covered by their down and half by their new quill 
plumage. Of course, the whole of the young penguin 
had a suit of new quills under its downy ulster when 
it was a little more than half grown, but the falling-off 
of the down in some places and not in others left the 
young bird in a most comical dress. I noticed that 
