310 Appendix. 
On the journey from Cape Adare southwards some most remark- 
ably low temperatures were observed for the time of the year. Thus, 
off Mount Erebus on February rith, 1900, the temperature sank to 
—6° F., with a wind from the south straight off the Great Ice. 
Barrier. Again, on February rgth, the minimum temperature was 
—12° F. (—24°4° C.), with a clear sky and a light wind from the 
south. So itis possible to form an idea from these temperatures what 
one would be likely to encounter in the way of cold on a sledge 
journey southwards from the edge of the Great Ice Barrier in the 
middle of the Antarctic summer. 
MAGNETISM. 
Magnetic observations taken in the vicinity of the south magnetic 
poles will always present great difficulties unless taken on board 
ship at some distance from the coast-line, and with instruments of 
the nature of the Fox Circle. The highly magnetic character 
of the rocks off the shores of Victoria Land not only renders the 
taking of magnetic observations extremely difficult, but the 
observations are themselves unreliable. Even far inland, where the 
ice-cap is some thousands of feet thick, the influence of the rocks if 
magnetic, as is most probable, would certainly be felt. Under such 
circumstances the Unifilar Magnetometer is the worst instrument that 
could possibly be taken to the Antarctic regions for the determination 
of intensity. Besides being a most delicate instrument, and therefore 
difficult for transport across ice, it is heavy, inconvenient to manage 
in a cold climate, and most sensitive to any form of disturbance. 
The ordinary Dip Circle, fitted with Lloyd needles for observations 
of total intensity, would possibly be the best instrument to use for 
isolated observations on shore; whilst differential instruments, 
fitted up in a small house built expressly for the purpose, and 
erected in Wood Bay, would doubtless be of considerable 
value, although the erection of the instruments would involve 
much trouble. А detailed magnetic survey of Victoria Land would, 
of course, be of immense value-—of infinitely greater value than the 
determination of the spot where the needle stands vertical. In order 
to make such a survey, it would be necessary to take a number of 
observations surrounding the magnetic pole. The work would have 
to be done during the summer months by careful and determined 
observers, who must be fully prepared to meet with innumerable 
difficulties, and be physically capable of wrestling with them. The 
