4G 



Appendices to Second Annual Report 



DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. 

 Plate I. (Herring). 



Fig. 1. Vertical section of three of the folds of the mucous membrane 

 of the oesophagus, showing the columnar epithelium covering it. a seen 

 from the side, while b represents the free ends of the cells directed to- 

 wards the observer, c indicates the small triangular cells lying between 

 the curved ends of the adjoining cells. 



Fig. 2. a, Various forms of goblet cells isolated from the oesophagus. 

 In some, the intracellular plexus of fibrils is visible, b columnar epithelial 

 cells from the part where the oesophagus joins the cardiac sac. 



Eig. 3. Transverse section of a fold of the mucous membrane and 

 muscular coat of the cardiac sac or ' crop ' below where it opens into the 

 pyloric sac. It shows that several gland tubes open into one duct or 

 crypt. Only a few of the glands are filled in. muc, mucous coat; 

 sm, submucous coat ; m, the two muscular coats. 



Fig. 4. Section of the cardiac sac, similar to fig. 3, where the gland cells 

 have been shaken out, leaving the connective tissue framework continuous 

 with the submucous coat, which forms the base on which the gland cells 

 rest. Z, connective tissue acting the part of membrana propria ; g, gland 

 cells ; sm, submucous coat ; m, muscular coats. 



Fig. 5. Surface section of the upper part of the mucous membrane of 

 cardiac sac, just below where it is continuous with the oesophagus. At a the 

 section is nearer the mucous surface, and shows sections of the depressions, 

 crypts, or mouths of the glands (c) lined by columnar epithelial (goblet) 

 cells ; at b the section is deeper, and passes through the secretory parts of 

 the gland tubes, the epithelium lining them being omitted. The connec- 

 tive tissue septa are thicker in a than b. 



Fig. 6. The cells of the oesophagus, showing the small triangular cells 

 (a) between adjoining goblet cells (b). 



Fig. 7. Transverse section of the cardiac sac above where it opens into 

 the pyloric sac. ?nuc, the mucous coat, with several gland tubes opening 

 into each crypt (c), the crypts being lined by columnar epithelium ; sm, the 

 submucous coat ; m, the muscular coat, composed of striped muscular 

 fibres arranged circularly. 



Plate II. (Herring). 



Fig. 1. Vertical section of the pyloric sac or 'stomach.' I, layer of mucus 

 covering the surface ; c, section of the crypts ; sm and m, same as in other figs. 



Fig. 2. Vertical section of a fold of the mucous membrane of the 

 plyoric sac, with the branched crypts on its sides and surface, sm and m, 

 same as in other figs. 



Fig. 3. Scheme of a gland from the ' cardiac sac/ several gland tubes 

 opening into one duct. 



Fig 4. a, Appearance of a gland tube from the cardiac sac, with an 

 imbricate arrangement of the cells ; b, the lower end of the tube, showing 

 the cells from the surface. 



Fig. 5. Transverse section of the pneumatic duct beyond where the 

 glands cease, m, muscular coat ; I, outer longitudinal muscular layer ; 

 x, point of attachment of the mesentery ; s, septum. The red indicates 

 the mucous membrane much folded, giving rise to the appearance of 

 branched glands. 



Fig. 6. a, Various forms of gland cells isolated from the glands of the 

 cardiac sac, some of them contain two nuclei ; b, similar cells containing 

 oil globules blackened by osmic acid. 



Fig. 7. Surface section of the mucous membrane of the pyloric sac. 



a, longitudinal arrangement of the folds forming elongated crypts ; 



b, section through a deeper part of the membrane ; and c, deeper still, 

 showing the more regular arrangement and smaller size of the crypts. 



