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Appendices to Second Annual Report 



slender body escaped, while the head remained within the egg capsule, 

 and, notwithstanding great efforts made to escape, the embryo usually 

 perished. It was observed that hatching was greatly expedited when 

 the temperature of the water was slightly raised, and that hatching took 

 place in a perfectly normal way even after the eggs were detached from 

 their anchorage. 



As soon as the fry escaped they began to ascend by a wriggling 

 motion towards the surface of the water, rising at first only a few inches 

 at a time, to turn and slowly sink head downwards towards the bottom. 

 During the first day they seldom succeeded in rising more than two or 

 three feet from the bottom, and this they only succeeded in accomplishing 

 after many attempts, but on the second day they readily, almost without 

 a single rest, rose three feet at a time, and on the fourth day they 

 succeeded in swimming freely about the surface of the water. The 

 instinctive desire to rise to the surface as soon as they escape from the 

 egg capsule is evidently intended to bring them to the vicinity of the 

 food on which, after the fourth or fifth day, they depend for their nourish- 

 ment. 



DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. 

 Plate IV. 



Fig. 1. — Sketch of a well-developed full spring Herring, taken off Wick, 

 March 1884. 



Fig. 2. — Sketch of a full male spring Herring, taken off Anstruther, with 

 the dorsal fin placed further back than usual. 



Fig. 3. — Sketch of a full male spring Herring, taken off Anstruther, the 

 same absolute size as fig. 2, but with the dorsal fin consider- 

 ably further forward than in fig. 2. a. b. indicates the posi- 

 tion the dorsal and pelvic fins occupy in fig. 2, and c. d. the 

 position of the same fins in fig. 3. 



Plate V. 



Fig. 1. — Shows a full Herring, sent from Girvan on the 29th March 

 1884, which measured 13 inches in length, and weighed 12 

 ounces. 



Fig. 2. — Shows a spent Herring of the same absolute length, sent from 

 Girvan at the same time. In fig. 2 the dorsal fin is consider- 

 ably further forward than in fig. 1, and the pelvic fin is 

 somewhat further back. c. d. indicates the position of the 

 dorsal and pelvic fins of fig. 2. 



Plate VI. 



Shows the part of the Ballantrae Bank on which spawn is chiefly 

 deposited; the spawn was found in greatest abundance 

 between the Stations XXIIL, XXIV., and XVIII. 



Plate VII. 



Shows a colony of Hydrallmannia falcata, with four groups of Herring 

 eggs attached to its stems. 



Plate VIII. 



Shows a specimen of Antennidaria antennina, with three groups of 

 Herring eggs attached. 



