Material for the Study of Ruminants. 



5 J 



Cephalophus-îoetus as has been mentioned above, and indicate that 

 these organs are of ancient origin. 



The papillae of the tongue have perhaps not yet attained their de- 

 finite shape. Without comparison with the tongue of an adult animal 

 this can, however, not be decided. In the present stage the papillce 

 filiformes are rather short, scale-like with truncated or rounded tips. 

 They are thus similar to the same of the Madoqua, although a little 

 larger than those. They increase in size towards the posterior half 

 of the tongue and become also stouter than anteriorly. In the me- 

 dian portion of the posterior half of the tongue the papillae assume a 

 flattened wartlike shape which also agrees with the same in the 

 Madoqua although they are more rounded in the Nilgai-foetus. Another 

 resemblance to the Dik-dik lies therein that the lateral surfaces of the 

 tongue are, to a great extent, covered with more slender and pointed 

 papillœ filiformes. On the hindmost part of the tongue of the Nilgai- 

 foetus the papillae are conical or almost cylindrical and soft. The 

 papillœ fungiformes are numerous and scattered all over the anterior 

 half of the tongue but sit more densely anteriorly and are as usual 

 especially crowded at the tip and below the same. On the posterior 

 half of the tongue the papillœ fungiformes are few in number and only 

 found towards the lateral borders. They are here, however, a good 

 deal larger in size. The papillœ circumvallatœ are numerous, 17 on 

 one side, 19 on the other. They form one long series on each side, 

 but, in addition to this there .are also some scattered ones. Some of 

 these / have a rather peculiar appearance, because the ringlike sur- 

 rounding wall is not smooth as usual but itself carries a smaller or 

 greater number of papillœ. In other cases the surrounding wall is 

 not ringlike but consists of an oblique longitudinal fold on each side. 

 It looks therefore as if these organs had originated through a combi- 

 nation of papillœ fungiformes and foliatœ. 



There are about 18 pairs of palatal elevation in the Nilgai- 

 foetus, some incomplete posterior ones not counted. They are con- 

 spicuously fringed, even the posterior ones. The buccal papilla) are 

 partly conical, partly flattened with small secondary papillae at their 

 margin. The papilla incisiva has a rounded posterior and a bluntly 

 angular anterior outline. 



There is no septum membranaceum developed in the posterior 

 nasal cavity. 



