Material foe the Study of Ruminants. 



21 



the cœcum about 15 72 cm. from the blind end of the latter. This is 

 distinctly narrowed so that its diameter near the end is only about 

 12 mm. but near the ileocascal opening about 30 mm. Ansa proximal/* 

 of the colon has about the same width as the adjoining part of the 

 caecum. The colon forms three centripetal and two and a half cen- 

 trifugal central spiral coils which greatly cover each other and then 

 runs out in the common mesentery to form the peripheric coil. The 

 exact length of the large intestine is not possible to tell because it 

 has been torn off at the ansa distalis, but assuming the missing portion 

 I chiefly the rectum ) to have been about 30 or 40 cm., in which estimate. 

 ! cannot be much wrong, it might be put to about 315 or 325 cm. 



The length of the small intestine of the Cephaloplnt* melanorhoeus 

 is about 444 cm. The mesentery connecting it with the peripheric 

 colic coil varies between IV2 and 272 cm., usually it is about 2 cm. 

 The ileum enters into the ccecum about 12 cm. from its blind end. 

 The latter is narrowed at the apex, about 15 mm., but 23 mm. in 

 diameter near the ileocacal opening. The entire length of the colon 

 with the rectum is about 170 cm. The colon forms only one and a 

 half centripetal and one centrifugal central spiral coils, which all 

 lie in one plane and are comparatively loosely connected with each 

 other (fig. 7 Pl. I). Ansa proximalis of the colon seems to be com- 

 paratively long, measuring 7 72 cm. which is only 1 cm. less than 

 the corresponding measurement of the larger species. As I unfortuna- 

 tely am not in possession of the body-measurements of the specimens 

 from which these viscera have been taken a comparison in detail 

 with those is impossible. It appears, however, to be evident that the 

 small as well as large intestine of C. ogilbyi is, even comparatively, a 

 good deal longer than the same of C. melanorhoeus, and that the colon 

 of the former is much more complicated is seen from the description. 

 There can be no doubt that it is the more exclusively carpophagous 

 diet which has caused the shortness of the intestine and the fewness 

 of the colic convolutions of Gephaloplnis melanorhoeus as well as the 

 less complicated state of the ventricle. 



The liver of Gephalophus melanorhoeus presents the striking feature 

 of a missing gallbladder. This is in correspondence with Garrod's 1 ) 

 similar observation on C. maxwelli and G. pygmœus. It is thus by this 

 statement made still more probable that the whole genus Cephalophus 

 has no such organ (conf. also below). 



*) Proc. Zool. Soc. 1S77. 



