41 



or rings there are darker lines, sometimes brown, at others dark brown, nearly black j 

 there is aline of the same along each side, and the under surface of the body is dark also. 



When the caterpillar is full grown, it seeks some sheltered nook in which to change 

 to chrysalis. Some hole in a fence post, or other hole and corner place in fence, house, 

 or wood pile, wherever it is dry and secluded. We once found one snugly hid in the 

 middle of a cluster of grapes. After a little wandering about and consideration, they fix 

 on a suitable locality, and proceed to divest their bodies of their covering of hairs, and 

 with these woven together with silken threads, they construct the slight enclosure which 

 is to shelter the chrysalis. Here the change takes place, the chrysalis (Fig. 44, b) being 

 of the usual brown color, and after a week or two, the perfect moth makes its appear- 

 ance, to deposit fresh batches of eggs, from which in a few days is hatched the second 

 brood of larvse, which pass through the different stages of their growth, and enter the 

 chrysalis state before the time of winter. 



The moth (Fig 44, c) measures, when its wings are extended, from one inch and a 

 half to two inches. The males are smaller than the females — it is a female which is fig- 

 ured. Both sexes have the wings white with a few black dots, which vary very much in 

 number in different specimens ; in some there are two on each of the front, and three on 

 each of the hind wings as in the figure ; in others again the spots are almost entirely 

 wanting, and there is every degree of macular gradation between the two extremes. We 

 believe, however, that the dot near the middle of the front wings is always present, bub 

 sometimes very faint. The underside usually has the spots more distinct than the upper 

 one, and sometimes there is a slight tinge of yellow over its white surf ice. The antenna? 

 are white above, dark brown below, the head and thorax white, while the abdomen is 

 orange colored, sometimes streaked across with white, and having three rows of black 

 spots, one above and one on each side. The under side of the abdomen is white, some- 

 times tinged with orange. 



This species is subject to the attack of several kinds of parasites, which destroy 

 immense numbers every year ; were it not for this we should soon be overrun with them. 

 With all these checks they are at times very numerous and destructive, and we have to 

 resort to hand picking to destroy them. The process is tedious enough, but it is sure, 

 and we do not know of a better. 



With regird to their geographical distribution, we think we are safe in saying, as far 

 as Canada is concerned, that they may ba found every summer everywhere. 



Having now gone through with the history and habits of the most prominent of the 

 moths injurious to the vine, we shall devote some space to the destructive insects belong- 

 ing to the other families. 



.No. 8.— The Spotted Pelidnota (Pelidnota punctata, Linnaeus). The accompany- 

 ing excellent figure represents this insect in its 

 three stages of larva (a), chrysalis (b), and 

 beetle (c). It is in the latter state only that it 

 is injurious to the vine — consuming the foliage. 

 It eats numerous holes in the leaves, sometimes 

 where the beetles are very numerous com- 

 pletely riddling them. 



The beetle is a large one, measuring about 

 an inch in length, and, at its widest part, half 

 an inch in width, and nearly oval in form. Its 

 color is dull reddish yellow, or nearly leather 

 color, with a polished surface. The thorax, 

 which is very slightly darker than the wing 

 covers, has a small black spot on each side ; 

 and there are three larger ones on each wing 

 case. The jaws and posterior part of the head 

 x ^^^ are both black, and so also is the scutellum, 

 which is a small nearly triangular piece, placed 

 near the centre above, and just where the two 

 anterior edges of the wing eases join the thorax. 

 The gauze-like wings concealed under the 



Fig. 45. 



Color— (a) Ktofes'y white ; (b) yellowish 

 dish yellow, with black spots. 



f 



(c) red- 



