24 



ance, being thus adorned with so many bright colors. When it has completed its growth it 

 proceeds to spin a large pod-shaped silken cocoon (fig. 30), attaching it on its flat side to 

 a twig of some tree. This cocoon consists of two envelopes of silken fibres agglutinated 

 together ; the outer is loose and wrinkled, and somewhat resembles a coarse pale-brown 

 paper ; the inner is much more closely woven and is separated from the outer by a 

 quantity of soft loose silken fibres. Snugly ensconced within these two wrappers lies the 

 chrysalis, safely protected from the frost, and unaffected by the variations of temperature 

 during the winter. About the end of May or beginning of June the moth comes forth, 

 a magnificent, soft brownish creature, with dull red and white ornamentation. The 

 accompanying wood-cut (fig, 31), exhibiting a male of this splendid species, will render 

 any detailed description unnecessary. Every reader who captures one of these moths will 

 have no difficulty in at once recognizing the species. 



^■4 



/'I 



Fig. 31. 



Colors — Brownish, Dull Red and White. 



Until we saw a young plum tree at Collingwood this summer being ravaged by a 

 brood of these caterpillars, we did nob think that they were ever sufficiently numerous to 

 require .the application of a remedy j but in such a case, of course, it was death to the 

 tree to allow them to remain. Their large size and gay colors render their detection 

 • easy in the caterpillar state, and they can be killed by coal oil, boiling water, or stamping 

 under foot. The most effective remedy, however, would be to go round the orchard or 

 garden in the winter and cut off the cocoons, which are so large and conspicuous as to be 

 at once seen. Search should be made for them not only on apple trees, but on a large 

 number of others, such as the cherry, plum, hickory, birch, elm, maple, willow, honey- 

 locust, lilac, barberry, hawthorn, currant, elder, hazel, &c. The caterpillar is so very 

 subject to the attacks of parasitic insects, especially a Tachina fly, that we do not think it 

 is ever likely to become a grievous plague to fruit growers, as are so many of the insects 

 that we are now describing. 



18. The Kascal Leaf-Orumpler (Phycita nebulo, Walsh), — Yet another insect has 

 lately been observed to affect the leaves of the apple to an injurious extent ; we must not, 

 therefore, allow it to pass unnoticed. It was fit st described by Mr. Walsh, the late State 

 Entomologist of Illinois, in 1860. We have not met with it ourselves, and consequently 



