SWINE MAXAOEMENT. 



35 



accomplished. Do not fail at the same time to clean and disinfect 

 thoroughly the sleeping quarters. Cresol compound (U. S. P.) may 

 be used for dipping and disinfecting. For dipping, mix in the pro- 

 portion of 1 gallon to 100 gallons of water; for disinfecting, in the 

 proportion of 3 gallons to 100 gallons of water. Coal-tar stock dips 

 and nicotin stock dips may also be used to treat hogs for lice. For 

 use they are diluted with water in accordance with directions sup- 

 plied by the manufacturers. Cresol compound, coal-tar dips, and 

 nicotin dips may be purchased at the drug store. 



For mange crude petroleum is more effective than the ordinary 

 stock dips. It is also destructive to lice. The vat may be filled with 

 the oil or half filled with water before the oil is added. If one dip- 

 ping does not effect a cure the treatment should be repeated in one 

 or two weeks. 



Owing to the great variation in the composition of crude petroleum 

 from different localities and the greater injurious effects of some crude 

 oils than of others, crude petroleum, if of a kind not used before, 

 should be tested on a few animals before extensive treatment is 

 midertaken. Animals treated with crude petroleum should be pro- 

 vided with plenty of shade and water. They should not be dipped 

 in oil in very cold or very warm weather. One of the best varieties 

 of oil for use on live stock is Beaumont crude petroleum, and oils of 

 similar composition are more likely to be satisfactory than those 

 which vary widely from it. The specifications are as follows : Specific 

 gravity ranging from 22 J ° to 24 i° Baume; 40 per cent of the bulk 

 boiling between 200° and 300° C; li to 1} per cent of sulphur. 



Another remedy for mange is lime-sulphur solution. This remedy 

 is not highly effective in destroying lice. It must be used warm 

 (100° F.), and the hogs should be dipped twice with an interval 

 between dippings of 7 to 10 days. Lime-sulphur dip niay be pur- 

 chased m concentrated form, or it may be prepared at home as follows : 

 Slake 10 pounds of quicklime with sufficient water to make a thin 

 paste, and stir in 24 pounds of fine sulphur (flowers or flour). Boil 

 this mixture for two hours in 25 or 30 gallons of water. AUow the 

 sediment to settle in a tub or barrel. Draw off the liquid into the 

 vat (carefully avoid disturbing the sediment), and add sufficient 

 warm water to make 100 gallons. The dipping solution in the vat 

 may be maintained at the proper temperature by steam brought by 

 pipe or hose from a boiler. 



Dipping vats are made of various materials, but the most durable 

 is cement.^ The vat should be set in the ground at a convenient place 

 where there is good surface drainage away from the vat. A suitable 

 size for a vat in which to dip hogs is 10 feet long at the top, 8 feet 

 long at the bottom, 1 foot wide at the bottom, and 2 feet wide at 



1 See Farmers' Bulletin 481, ''Concrete Construction on the Live Stock Farm." 



