ANTLERS OF THE ELK 337 



smallest circumference of the larger beam is 

 inches.^ These antlers were preserved in the 

 zoological museum in Warsaw. 



The largest and most fully developed single 

 fossil antler described and illustrated by Brandt 

 was found in 1833 in the valley of the Rhine, south 

 of Darmstadt, at a depth of twenty-one feet. 

 It was deposited in the Darmstadt museum. 

 The spread of the pair was probably about sixty 

 inches. This antler has twelve prongs. They 

 are somewhat shorter than those of the Polish 

 specimen. The palmation reaches a breadth of a 

 little more than twelve inches."^ 



At the International Hunting Exhibition held 

 in Vienna in 1910 few elk heads taken in Rus- 

 sian territory were shown. The best heads from 

 Scandinavian covers were from Sweden. The first 

 prize for European antlers was awarded for a well- 

 balanced pair exhibited by Herr Rothmann from 

 Murjeck, Sweden. They spread 53 inches, and 



3 J. F. Brandt, "Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte des Elens in Bezug 

 auf seine Morphologischen und Palaontologischen Verhaltnisse, sowie 

 seine Geographische Verbreitung, " in Memoires de VAcademie Imperiale 

 des Sciences de St. Petersbourg, seventh series, vol. xvi., No. 5, p. 19. 

 See also G. G. Pusch (of Warsaw) in Neues Jahrbuch fiir Mineralogie 

 (Stuttgart), 1840, pp. 70 et seq. More fossil remains of elk have been 

 found in Germany than elsewhere in Europe. Very few have been 

 found in England. In America fossil rem.ains of moose are rare. 



4 See Brandt, ubi supra, p. 17; J. J. Kaup, Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineral 

 logie, 1840, p. 167. 



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