114 



BITTER PIT INVESTIGATION. 



51. Lounsbury, C. P. Bitter Pit. Ibid., XXXVII., p. 150. 1910. 



Gives a collection of data obtained from various sources dealing with storage, stocks, varieties, irrigation, 

 manuring, and pruning. The susceptibility of different varieties in various parts of the world is also 

 given, obtained from responsible authorities. 



52. Macoun, W. A. " Dry Rot," " Brown Spot," or " Baldwin Spot " of the Apple. Canada Experiment Farms 



Reports, p. 96. 1899. 



The disease described and the conclusions reached as the result of questions sent out to prominent fruit-growers 

 in Canada and to the horticulturists of all the Agricultural Experiment Stations in the United States. 

 " No remedy has yet been found for this trouble." 



53. Martin, T. C. (and others). Report of the Scottish Agricultural Commission to Australia, 1910-11, p. 264. Wm. 



Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London. 1911. 



" A mysterious disease of the apple, called Bitter Pit, is not uncommon. The fruits affected are spotted with 

 brown pits, and a somewhat bitter flavour is imparted to the flesh. The ailment is associated with 

 unhealthy cultural conditions." 



54. Massee, G. Apple Disease. Kew Bulletin, No. 6, p. 193. 1906. 



Disease of a purely physiological nature, and injury considered to be due to fruit being subjected to too high 

 a temperature during first period of ripening. 



55. Diseases of Cultivated Plants and Trees, pp. 64 and 571. London, Duckworth and Co. 1910. 



Referring to Pole Evans' method of overcoming the Bitter Pit difficulty by raising South African seedlings 

 in the localities where the fruit is to be grown, he remarks : — " I am afraid this is somewhat cold comfort, 

 considering the fact that Bitter Pit is often rampant in Europe on the offspring of trees that have had 

 ample time to become acclimatised." 



56. Maynard, S. T. Report of the Horticulturist, Massachusetts, Hatch Station Report. 1898. 



" The Baldwin apple has in many places in the last two or three years shown so great a tendency to the dry- 

 rot spots under the skin long before its normal time for the breaking-down of the tissues in the process 

 of ripening, that much of its fruit put on the market has had the effect of decreasing the demand and 

 lowering the price." 



57. McAlpine, D. Report on Diseased Apples — Bitter Pit and Crinkle. Guides to Growers, No. 48. Department of 



Agriculture, Victoria, p. 4. April, 1901. 



Both these diseases are described, and liable varieties given. 



5g. — _ — Crinkle and Bitter Pit of the Apple. Journal, Department of Agriculture, Victoria, L, p. 804. 1902. 



Experiments with manures decided on, and a word of warning uttered regarding the presence of brown dry 

 spots in Australian apples in London, sometimes incorrectly referred to as Black Spot. 



59. Report of the Vegetable Pathologist—Bitter Pit. Journal, Department of Agriculture, Victoria, II., p. 851. 



1904. 



Bacteria not the cause, according to Dr. Bull, Bacteriologist of the Melbourne University. 



60. Vegetable Pathologist's Branch. Report, Department of Agriculture, Victoria, 1905-7, p. 37. 1907. 



Effect of various manures on the development of Bitter Pit referred to. 



61. Report on " Bitter Pit" of the Apple. Journal, Department of Agriculture, Victoria, VIL, p. 439. 1909. 



Nature, symptoms, and distribution of disease given, together with varieties affected and recommendations. 



62. Bitter Pit of the Apple. Ibid., VIII., p. 201. 1910. 



Results of manurial experiments with Prince Bismarck, a very liable variety of apple, and effect of keeping 

 the fruit in store. 



63. Bitter Pit in Apples. The Garden, LXXVL, p. 119. March 9, 1912. 



Letter asking for information as to rainfall during season 1911, when Bitter Pit was extremely prevalent in 

 England. 



64. McEwin, H. The Fruit-growers" Handbook, p. 135. Launceston, Tasmania, 1910. 



After discussing various theories, it is concluded that the disease is worse in a dry year and in a light crop, 

 and that it may be caused by the lack of some substance or constituent in the sap. 



65. Meeking, E., and Booth, R. T. The Eruit Export Trade to the United Kingdom and Europe. Journal of Agriculture, 



Victoria, VHL, P- 520. 1910. 



Marked diminution of " Bitter Pit" in shipments. 



